1. Cellular IP: Integration with MIP Reference: “Mobile IP and cellular IP integration for inter access networks handoff”; Carli, M.; Neri, A.; Picci, A.R.; Proc. IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2001, pp. 2467 -2471 (CellularIPIntg-3.pdf)

2. 2 Introduction Overall system must be able to manage –The handoff between cells within the same access network –The handoff between different access networks Mobile IP (MIP) –Used as an inter-subnet mobility protocol –Macro-mobility Cellular IP (CIP) –Intra subnet mobility –Micro-mobility –Paging management

3. 3 Introduction (cont)

4. 4 Cellular Intranet (Solution 1) Macro mobility

5. 5 Cellular Intranet (cont) Two levels of mobility management –The local (Cellular IP) –The global (Mobile/Cellular IP) Gateway (GW) –Using the FA function, the GW filters the micro-mobility traffic within the CIP network Note that –The MS is globally visible only if it is registered with the HA and the cache maps of the CIP nodes serving the MS are updated

6. 6 Cellular Intranet (cont) Using CIP/MIP simultaneously in MS –Inefficient, redundant for mobility management –Reasons  CIP uses 2 IP packets (ICMP: registration and IP: Ack)  MIP uses four UDP/IP packets Better solution –MS macro-mobility operations can be left within the GW operations management –MS moves to a new BS (different access net.)  1. MS  new BS, registration req. for routing to the MS  2. The remaining path (core network) is organized by the MIP, and is managed by GW/FA and HA

7. 7 CIP and MIP-RO For CIP-MIP protocol pair (solution 1) –  IP : the effective throughput of the traffic produced by two fixed sources residing in two different IP subnets –  CIP-MIP : the effective throughput of the traffic produced by two mobile sources resides in two different CIP domains –  m and  f (0<  m <=  f <=1) relate to the mobile host and the fixed host;  Their values represent the percentage of ack. (control) traffic introduced by the upper layer and the applications used by the mobile host and the fixed host Triangular Routing

8. 8 CIP and MIP-RO (cont) For CIP + MIP-RO (solution 2) (Solution 2) tunneling & utilization of binding cache

9. 9 CIP and MIP-RO (cont) Steady condition

10. 10 CIP and MIP-RO (cont) Protocol efficiency of CIP RO -MIP RO

11. 11 Inter-CIP Handoff Using CIP-MIP pair

12. 12 Semi-soft Inter-CIP Handoff Using CIP RO -MIP RO pair

13. 13 Conclusion Two solutions for the management of cellular intranet are proposed: –CIP-MIP  Centralized on the gateway and the home agent  Suited for security needs and client/server traffic model –CIP RO -MIP RO  Offers optimized routing  Speeds up handoff procedure  May support real-time traffic