1. Section 7.5: State Conventions Are Organized

2. When 9 of the 13 states approved, or ratified the Constitution, it would become the supreme law of the land Federalist and Anti-Federalists Federalists – those who supported the Constitution Anti-Federalists – those who felt that the Constitution gave the central government too much power –They feared the central government would have too much power under the Constitution –Anti-Federalists thought that the Constitution did not provide for protection of personal freedoms

3. The approval of the Constitution seemed unlikely The Federalists – led by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay – fought hard for its ratification –The 3 men published a series of essays called the Federalist Papers They explained what the Constitution really meant –The papers were circulated throughout the states Circulate – to pass something from person to person or place to place Support for the Constitution increased when George Washington agreed to serve as the first president if he was called upon to do so HamiltonMadison Jay

4. Ratification of the Constitution The first state to ratify was Delaware in 1787 Massachusetts ratified it in February of 1788 with the support of John Hancock New Hampshire was the ninth state to approve the Constitution –When that state ratified in June of 1788, the United States officially had a new government Without the support of New York and Virginia, however, the government would be at a serious disadvantage

5. James Madison and John Marshall led the Federalists at the Virginia convention Alexander Hamilton led the Federalists in New York –New York became the eleventh state to approve the Constitution It was not until May 29, 1790, that Rhode Island gave its approval –All 13 states had democratically approved the new form of government George Washington was elected President in April of 1789 by unanimous consent –Unanimous – when all sides agree John Adams, who had received the second largest number of votes, became Vice President

6. Bill of Rights In 1789, it was suggested that provisions for personal freedoms be added to the original document In 1791, Congress adopted ten amendments to the Constitution known as the Bill of Rights –Amendment – a change First Amendment – freedom of religion, expression (speech), and assembly Sixth Amendment – the right to a fair trial

7. 7.5 PowerPoint Questions 1.) Federalistsa.) a change 2.) Anti-Federalistsb.) supreme law of the land 3.) Bill of Rightsc.) supported the Constitution 4.) Amendmentd.) felt the Constitution gave 5.) Constitutionthe central government too much power e.) first ten amendments to the Constitution C.T.) How fair do you think the original Constitution was to women and groups such as enslaved Africans?

8. Chapter 7 Review: Identifying Facts Anti-Federalistexecutive branchFederalistVirginia Plan exportfederalimportlegislative branchtariff judicial branchNew Jersey Plan bill pioneer 1. A tax on goods leaving or entering some place is called a(n) ___. 2. A good sent to another country is called a(n) ___. 3. The ___ favored equal state rights. 4. The President belongs to the ___. 5. The Senate and the House of Representatives belong to the ___. 6. An ___ felt that the Constitution gave the central government too much power. 7. The ___ favored the larger states. 8. A good brought in from a foreign country is called a(n) ___. 9. A person who supported the Constitution was called a(n) ___. 10. The Supreme Court belongs to the ___. 11. A government that is divided between central and state government is a(n) ___ government. 12. A ___ is a person who settles land that has not been settled before. 13. A ___ is a proposal for a new land.

9. Chapter 7 Review: Understanding Main Ideas 1. What were the Articles of Confederation? 2. What powers did the government lack under the Articles of Confederation? 3. What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention? 4. What was the Three-Fifths Compromise? 5. What was the purpose of the Bill of Rights? 6. It took a long time for the Constitution to be created and ratified. Why do you think it needed to take so long? 7. What do you think would have happened if the Federalists had not worked so hard to support the Constitution? Why?