1. Mr. Koch World History A Forest Lake High School

2.  Hindu Kush & Himalayas  Barrier from other cultures  Develop distinct culture  Indus & Ganges  Within itself very diverse  Large, hard to unite

3.  ~2500 B.C.  Shows limits of archaeology

4.  Very well-planned cities = well-organized govt?  Mohenjo-Daro

5.  Most people were farmers  Made first cotton clothing  Traders made contact with Sumer  Inspiration to create own writing?  Polytheistic – mother goddess, sacred animals (bull)  Civilization eventually deteriorated, disappeared (~1500 B.C.)

6.  Aryans eventually overran and replaced earlier civilizations  Nomadic warriors in chariots  Left little archaeological evidence  Hierarchical society  Brahmins – priests  Kshatriyas – warriors  Vaisyas - herders, farmers, artisans, merchants  Sudras – Dravidans/non-Aryans, farmworkers, servants, laborers  Caste – social group to which a person is born and cannot change

7.  Polytheistic – gods represented by natural forces  Main god was Indra, god of war  Brahman – single spiritual force in all things  Mystics – people who devote lives to seeking spiritual truth  Eventually adopted settled lifestyle  Cultures blended together gradually  Developed Sanskrit (written language)  Helped unite area