1. 1 Meeting Air Quality Goals in California Nancy L. C. Steele, D.Env. The Tender Land November 6, 2004 California Environmental Protection Agency Air Resources Board

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6. 6 Vehicle Smog-forming Emission - Sources - HC, NOx, PM Evapora -tive HC

7. 7 1975 0 1 2 3 4 5 Oxidation Catalyst EGR TWC On-Board Computer Advanced Computer Fuel Injection O2 Sensor NOx (g/mile) Exhaust Standards 1966 Unleaded Gasoline Emission Control Strategies of the Early Years Mean Much Cleaner Cars Today 1993 HC Lifetime emissions > 1 ton

8. 8 The Challenges Southern California by 2010 Increasing Population = More Cars & Trucks Ù Population 15%  17 mil. Ù Number of Vehicles 34%  11 mil. Ù Vehicle Miles Traveled 31%  387 mil. Miles

9. 9 More Challenges Southern California by 2010 Expanding Economy = More Consumption Ù Consumer Products Ù Ports / Airports / Trains Ù Industrial Sources

10. 10 Ozone Air Quality Trends 2003

11. 11 Ozone Air Quality Trends

12. 12 Annual PM10 Air Quality in 2003

13. 13 Annual PM2.5 Air Quality in 2003

14. 14 Model Estimated Potential Risk from All Emission Sources

15. 15 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 1994199920042010 HC NOx (g/mile) LEV I LEV II Our Goal is Zero Emissions Lifetime emissions 10 pounds

16. 16 Current Certification Data for Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines 1998 Stds 2002/2004 Stds 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.01.02.03.04.0 5.0 NO x + HC (g/bhp-hr) PM (g/bhp-hr) 2010 Stds CNG Diesel Chart from DOE/Battle NGVTF Jan 2003

17. 17 Near Term PM Emission Reductions Achieve Health Benefits Status quo With in-use regulation 84% in 2010 from 2000 92% in 2020 from 2000

18. 18 Diesel Trucks Trap Retrofits for Low Emissions

19. 19 Our Goals: Clean Air And Healthy Citizens

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21. 21 Vehicle Climate Change Emissions - Sources - CO 2 HFC A/C compressor Engine Transmission Methane Nitrous Oxide

22. 22 Ozone Air Quality in California % of Standard Federal Standard

23. 23 Challenges to Attainment / Reducing Air Toxics Levels Slow Turnover of Existing Gasoline Vehicles Long Life of Existing Diesel Engines Funding to Implement New Technologies Development of Future Control Measures to Meet New Federal/State Clean Air Goals International/National versus Local needs

24. 24 Mobile Source Emissions and Air Quality New Cleaner Engines – One Part of Solution Need to Clean Up Existing Engines - Second Part of Solution Public Policy – Deploy the Cleanest Commercially Available Technologies As Early As Possible

25. 25 Road to Success Working Together (Public/Private Partnerships) Public Outreach/Education Sustained Funding Assistance for Cleaner Technologies Ù Governor’s Funding Ù AB 923 - Firebaugh

26. 26 Attainment Dates Federal: - PM10 - 2006 - 1-Hr Ozone - 2010 - PM2.5 - 2014 ( Requires Action Today ) - 8-Hr Ozone - 2021 California: - As Early As Practicable - PM2.5 Standards – More Stringent