1. The Federalists and Anti-Federalists Only write down the information colored in Black or White.

2. Background After creating the Constitution at the Constitutional Convention, the ratification process began. Only 9 states were needed to ratify the Constitution Only 9 states were needed to ratify the Constitution.

3. Within the first 3 months: Delaware, Pennsylvania and New Jersey ratified the Constitution. By January 1788 Georgia and Connecticut also ratified it. Only four states to go for the Constitution to be approved Within the first 3 months: Delaware, Pennsylvania and New Jersey ratified the Constitution. By January 1788 Georgia and Connecticut also ratified it. Only four states to go for the Constitution to be approved.

4. The remainder of the states were not so easily swayed. There were two groups that emerged, one that supported the ratification of the Constitution and one that did not. The two groups were called the Federalist and the Anti-Federalist. The Federalists were in favor of ratification of the Constitution, and the Anti-Federalists were opposed.

5. Massachusetts held a close vote of 187-168 to approve the Constitution, but only after assurances were made that a Bill or Rights would be added. Within a few months Maryland, South Carolina, and New Hampshire also cast their vote to endorse the Constitution with the expectation that a Bill of Rights would be added.

6. The required 9 states had ratified the Constitution, however New York, Virginia, North Carolina and Rhode Island had still not reached a decision. Many felt that New York and Virginia needed to ratify the Constitution, otherwise the fear was that the Constitution would not survive without these states.

7. Outcome Federalist and Anti-Federalists worked hard to persuade public opinion in New York and Virginia. Each side campaigned hard and did their best to promote their cause.

8. Federalist and Anti-federalist had many speeches, letters, newspaper columns created to persuade public opinion. Eventually Virginia (89-79) and New York (30-27) voted to ratify the Constitution. With those two states on board the United States under the new Constitution would have a fighting change.

9. The Federalists were ultimately successful, however with the approval of a Bill of Rights, the Anti-federalist had installed a valuable portion. Eventually all of the states ratified the Constitution which symboled a unified country embarking on its new framework.

10. What is the difference between a Federalist and an Anti-federalist?

11. The basic answer… Federalists wanted to - Federalists wanted to ratify the Constitution ratify the Constitution - Anti-federalist did not

12. Other Differences… Make two columns in your notes. At the top of one side put the title: Federalist. At the top of the other column put the title: Anti-Federalist. Write the following information under the appropriate column Make two columns in your notes. At the top of one side put the title: Federalist. At the top of the other column put the title: Anti-Federalist. Write the following information under the appropriate column.

13. Federalist Favored the creation of a strong central government Federalist mostly consisted of the wealthier class (Merchants and Plantation Owners) Proponents of the Federalists were: James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, George Washington and Benjamin Franklin Proponents of the Federalists were: James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, George Washington and Benjamin Franklin.

14. Anti-federalist Favored the power of the state governments in their right to independently rule. Anti-Federalist were not a part of the wealthier class (Farmers and Tradesmen) Proponents of the Anti-Federalists were: Patrick Henry, George Mason, Edmund Randolph and many local politicians.

15. Federalist - Thought the National Government would cultivate more commercial (economic) growth for the country. -Envisioned a society made up of a variety of competing social and interest groups - Proposed a Republic system of electing experienced representatives versus people as a whole to govern - A strong national government would an asset for foreign policy and military

16. Anti-federalist -Sided with the virtues of local government and thought that federal power would allow the president to become a tyrannical monarchy. - Worried that congress would be controlled by an aristocratic elite with too few representatives - Anti-federalists wanted to add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution to guarantee certain rights to the citizens. - Envisioned a more agricultural society - Opposed a standing army

17. Federalist -The Articles of Confederation were ineffective - A strong national government would be needed to control uncooperative states. - Constitution and the state governments would protect basic citizen’s rights, there was no need for a Bill or Rights

18. Anti-federalist -The Articles of Confederation was a good plan - Strong national government threatened the states power - Elections for anyone, not a representative elite - Needed a national Bill of Rights as a states bill of rights may be overturned by the Constitution.

19. Overall, the Federalists were more organized in their efforts and the Constitution was ratified. Interestingly, the Bill of Rights was not originally a part of the Constitution, and yet it has proved to be highly important to protecting the rights of the people. In a way the Anti-Federalist and the Federalist compromised and came up with the structure of the United States.