1. Immunizations Jason Treat, Charlotte Nicholson, Erik Morken, Peter Ghobrial, Aubrey Askins, John-Paul Hayworth

2. Immunizations -- combination OPV and IPV vaccines can be interchanged

3. Dangers VAPP -- Vaccine Associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis -- OPV only Age risk Post-Polio Syndrome

4. Poliomyelitis Eradicated in US Last wild case 1979 September 1994 -- Western Hemisphere Global eradication by 2000 -- WHO/UNICEF

5. Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) What is it? –A dead form of a live virus strain Where can it be found? –Most doctor offices –Free Clinics in local communities What else should I know? –Most children should have 2 vaccinations –12 - 15 months and 4 - 6 years of age

6. Side Effects Almost all people have no side effects 1 - 2 weeks: –Breakout of rash, fever, swelling of glands or possibly a seizure 1 - 3 weeks: –Pain, stiffness, or swelling of the joints that last up to three days Severe Problems: –Low number of platelets –Long seizures, decreased consciousness, coma

7. Government Involvement Children Immunization Initiative Act –Began in 1993 –Goal: By 1996, to have less than 1600 cases reported –Goal extended to 2000: to have less than 500 World Health Organization –Global Programme for Vaccinations and ImmunizationsGlobal Programme for Vaccinations and Immunizations –UNICEF Other health agencies… –Pan American Health Organization

8. What Immunization Records say about Parenting Responsible parenting is often reflected in immunization records. MMR vaccinations given on time are rarely, if ever associated with abusive households. The standards for immunization records vary greatly from state to state and city to city. –The city comptroller of New York recently reported that 30% of students in high-risk districts have not received their vaccinations on time.