1. THEMIS/MIWG#3 1 SSL, 06/15/2005 THEMIS T IME H ISTORY OF E VENTS AND M ACROSCALE I NTERACTIONS DURING S UBSTORMS RESOLVING THE MYSTERY OF WHERE, WHEN AND HOW AURORAL ERUPTIONS START THEMISTHEMIS Mission Integration Working GroupMission Integration Working Group University of California, BerkeleyUniversity of California, Berkeley June 15-16, 2005June 15-16, 2005

2. THEMIS/MIWG#3 2 SSL, 06/15/2005 Coffee, and food at Silver Addition Main Entrance (outside) Splinter room in Silver Annex Conference Parking Passes, see Daniele Other issues, see: Vassilis Angelopoulos or Peter Harvey Silver Addition Samuel Silver Space Sciences Laboratory Silver Annex Main Conference Room Conference Rooms For maps, etc. go to http://www.ssl.berkeley.edu/

3. THEMIS/MIWG#3 3 SSL, 06/15/2005 AGENDA Day 1

4. THEMIS/MIWG#3 4 SSL, 06/15/2005 AGENDA Day 2

5. THEMIS/MIWG#3 5 SSL, 06/15/2005 Attendance

6. THEMIS/MIWG#3 6 SSL, 06/15/2005 SPACE SCIENCES LABORATORY Background Initiated in 1958 by Drs. Teller and Seaborg Multidisciplinary organization Connecting campus research to space efforts Facility opened in 1966 New facilities added in 1998 Research Efforts Involving Balloons Sounding rockets Satellite instruments & science complements Complete satellites Mission & Science Operations Ground Station Operations Agencies Involved NASA, NSF, NSBF, USAF, DOE ESA, ISAS, IKI, PSI, etc. $50M/yr (>90% NASA, <10% other.)

7. THEMIS/MIWG#3 7 SSL, 06/15/2005 Facilities 55000 sq. ft. Office and Laboratory Space Employing 420 Scientists, Engineers, Staff On-Site Machine Shop Clean Room Facilities to Class 100 Thermal Vacuum Facilities up to 3m diameter Spacecraft Integration Facility 4-story High Bay Radiation Sources Laboratory Mission Operations Centers Science Operations Centers 11 Meter S-Band Satellite Antenna Secure High Speed Communications to NASA

8. THEMIS/MIWG#3 8 SSL, 06/15/2005 Operational Flight Instruments RHESSI FAST IMAGE FUV, WIC GALEX detectors CHIPS Polar EFI Wind 3DP Cluster II EFW, CIS Mars Global Surveyor ER ROCSAT 2 - ISUAL Ulysses LAN FUSE detectors SOHO UVCS & SUMER detectors KITSAT SPEAR Under Development HUBBLE - COS STEREO – IMPACT THEMIS

9. THEMIS/MIWG#3 9 SSL, 06/15/2005 SSL PERSONNEL 107 Scientific Researchers 133 Professional/Technical/Support Staff 150 Graduate and Undergarduate Students SPACE PHYSICS RESEARCH GROUP (136 total personnel) 46 Scientific Researchers 25 involved in Magnetospheric Physics 46 Engineering & Technical Staff 37 Graduate & Undergraduate Students

10. THEMIS/MIWG#3 10 SSL, 06/15/2005 Operations Components Mission Operations Center Science Operations Center 11-meter S-Band Antenna with X-band capability High Speed Communications to NASA Ground Network Network Security Autonomous Operations Pass Supports Orbit Determination & Tracking Spacecraft Command & Control Emergency Response System Self Checking

11. THEMIS/MIWG#3 11 SSL, 06/15/2005 FAST: A NASA Small Explorer (SMEX) PI: Prof. Robert P. Lin UCB-SSL Science Package Electric Field Instruments Particle Instruments Electronics Mission Operations Science Operations Launched on 21 Aug 1996 Mission Continuing through 2005

12. THEMIS/MIWG#3 12 SSL, 06/15/2005 R AMATY H IGH E NERGY S OLAR S PECTROSCOPIC I MAGER RHESSI: A NASA Small Explorer (SMEX) PI: Dr. Charles Carlson, UCB-SSL Project Management Spacecraft Bus Subcontract to Spectrum Astro Science Package Imager Spectrometer Electronics Launch Site Processing Mission Operations Science Operations Ground Data Systems Launched February 5, 2002 Mission continuing through 2006-7

13. THEMIS/MIWG#3 13 SSL, 06/15/2005 Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS) A NASA University-Class Explorer (UNEX) PI Dr. Mark Hurwitz UCB-SSL

14. THEMIS/MIWG#3 14 SSL, 06/15/2005 T IME H ISTORY OF E VENTS AND M ACROSCALE I NTERACTIONS DURING S UBSTORMS THEMIS: A Middle Class Explorer (MIDEX#5) PI: Dr. Vassilis Angelopoulos UCB-SSL Project Management Probes and Probe Carrier by Swales Aerospace Mission Integration Launch Site Processing Science Package Mission Operations Science Operations Ground Data Systems Launch: October 19, 2006 Nominal Lifetime: 2 years Production Mode Development of Flight Boards (Here: SST Front-End)

15. THEMIS/MIWG#3 15 SSL, 06/15/2005 T IME H ISTORY OF E VENTS AND M ACROSCALE I NTERACTIONS DURING S UBSTORMS (THEMIS) RESOLVING THE PHYSICS OF ONSET AND EVOLUTION OF SUBSTORMS Principal Investigator Vassilis Angelopoulos, UCB EPO Lead Nahide Craig, UCB Project Manager Peter Harvey, UCB Industrial Partner SWALES Aerospace SCIENCE GOALS: Primary: “How do substorms operate?” – One of the oldest and most important questions in Geophysics – A turning point in our understanding of the dynamic magnetosphere First bonus science: “What accelerates storm-time ‘killer’ electrons?” – A significant contribution to space weather science Second bonus science: “What controls efficiency of solar wind – magnetosphere coupling?” – Provides global context of Solar Wind – Magnetosphere interaction

16. THEMIS/MIWG#3 16 SSL, 06/15/2005 Auroral eruptions and substorms Auroral eruptions… Aurora …are a manifestation of magnetospheric substorms MAGNETOSPHERE SOLAR WIND EQUATORIAL PLANE

17. THEMIS/CCR 17 HQ, 06/02/2005 Mission elements Probe conjunctions along Sun-Earth line recur once per 4 days over North America. Ground based observatories completely cover North American sector; can determine auroral breakup within 1-5s … … while THEMIS’s space-based probes determine onset of Current Disruption and Reconnection each within <10s. : Ground Based Observatory

18. THEMIS/CCR 18 HQ, 06/02/2005 First bonus: What produces storm-time “killer” MeV electrons? Affect satellites and humans in space Source: – Radially inward diffusion? – Wave acceleration at radiation belt? THEMIS: –Tracks radial motion of electrons Measures source and diffusion Frequent crossings –Measures E, B waves locally ANIK telecommunication satellites lost for days to weeks during space storm

19. THEMIS/CCR 19 HQ, 06/02/2005 Second bonus: What controls efficiency of solar wind – magnetosphere coupling? Important for solar wind energy transfer in Geospace Need to determine how: – Localized pristine solar wind features… – …interact with magnetosphere THEMIS: – Alignments track evolution of solar wind – Inner probes determine entry type/size

20. THEMIS/CCR 20 HQ, 06/02/2005 Nominal Launch:Launch ElementsFuel margins Launch Date (APG,INC) (baseline,P5->1,P5->2->1) October 19, 2006(14.2 Re, 13.4deg) (23.4%, 13.6%, 20.7%) OPTIMAL APER = -10deg Baseline launch elements Near-zero goal80<aper<110 deg goal

21. THEMIS/CCR 21 HQ, 06/02/2005 Probe release 1+4

22. THEMIS/CCR 22 HQ, 06/02/2005 Boom release 2 first+6 later

23. THEMIS/CCR 23 HQ, 06/02/2005 Tail Season #1 Tail Season #2 Tail Season #1 Tail Season #2 Days since 10/16/07 Days since Launch Days since 10/16/07 Ascend to orbit (courtesy Sabine Frey) INC T[hrs] INC T[hrs]

24. THEMIS/CCR 24 HQ, 06/02/2005 Probe alignments (courtesy Sabine Frey) Tail Season #1Tail Season #2 Selected launch elements meet science requirements with sufficient fuel margins