1. Verbal Communication Chapter 4 Person to Person Chapter 4 Person to Person

2. Why can verbal messages be so confusing?

3. Different languages

4. Why can verbal messages be so confusing? Different languages Multiple meanings Different languages Multiple meanings

5. Why can verbal messages be so confusing? Different languages Multiple meanings Words and word meanings change Different languages Multiple meanings Words and word meanings change

6. Why can verbal messages be so confusing? Different languages Multiple meanings Words and word meanings change Words are always being created Different languages Multiple meanings Words and word meanings change Words are always being created

7. Why can verbal messages be so confusing? Different languages Multiple meanings Words and word meanings change Words are always being created Gender and generation differences Different languages Multiple meanings Words and word meanings change Words are always being created Gender and generation differences

8. How do we define “words”? as symbols that represent things but are not the things themselves.

9. ghoti

10. enough ghoti enough

11. ghoti enough = f ghoti enough = f

12. ghoti enough = f women ghoti enough = f women

13. ghoti enough = f women = i caution ghoti enough = f women = i caution

14. ghoti enough = f women = i caution = sh ghoti enough = f women = i caution = sh

15. Denotative meaning is the dictionary definition.

16. Connotative meaning is an individual’s emotional or personal response to a word. an individual’s emotional or personal response to a word.

17. All words have denotative meaning and may have different connotative meanings for each person. All words have denotative meaning and may have different connotative meanings for each person.

18. Why does language change?

19. What did these words mean? fond jest cubit fond jest cubit

20. Meanings of old fond = foolish jest = story cubit = the length of an arm fond = foolish jest = story cubit = the length of an arm

21. Language changes because the world is constantly changing.

22. Language changes because New words are needed to describe new things and ideas.

23. Language changes because New words are needed to describe new things and ideas. They are used in different ways by individuals or by society New words are needed to describe new things and ideas. They are used in different ways by individuals or by society

24. Language changes because New words are needed to describe new things and ideas. They are used in different ways by individuals or by society Using the same word to refer to the same thing over a period of time may be inaccurate. New words are needed to describe new things and ideas. They are used in different ways by individuals or by society Using the same word to refer to the same thing over a period of time may be inaccurate.

25. What kinds of language do you use?

26. Technical language

27. What kinds of language do you use? Technical language –Relates to a particular subject and is marked by specialization. Technical language –Relates to a particular subject and is marked by specialization.

28. What kinds of language do you use? Technical language –Relates to a particular subject and is marked by specialization Doctors Mechanics Writers Technical language –Relates to a particular subject and is marked by specialization Doctors Mechanics Writers

29. What kinds of language do you use? Regional terms

30. What kinds of language do you use? Regional terms –A regionalism is speech peculiar to a geographical area. Regional terms –A regionalism is speech peculiar to a geographical area.

31. What kinds of language do you use? Regional terms –A regionalism is speech peculiar to a geographical area. Water cooler, or bubbler? Sub, hoagie, or grinder? Rotary, or traffic circle? Regional terms –A regionalism is speech peculiar to a geographical area. Water cooler, or bubbler? Sub, hoagie, or grinder? Rotary, or traffic circle?

32. What kinds of language do you use? Slang

33. What kinds of language do you use? Slang –Slang is informal, nonstandard vocabulary, language unique to a particular group Slang –Slang is informal, nonstandard vocabulary, language unique to a particular group

34. What kinds of language do you use? Slang –Slang is informal, nonstandard vocabulary, language unique to a particular group S’up Whack Cool Slang –Slang is informal, nonstandard vocabulary, language unique to a particular group S’up Whack Cool

35. What kinds of language do you use? Cultural terms

36. What kinds of language do you use? Cultural terms –A cultural term is one related to the particular background of a group of people. Cultural terms –A cultural term is one related to the particular background of a group of people.

37. What kinds of language do you use? Cultural terms –A cultural term is one related to the particular background of a group of people. Yarmulke Tacos Castanets Cultural terms –A cultural term is one related to the particular background of a group of people. Yarmulke Tacos Castanets

38. What are verbal strategies?

39. The ways people use words are their verbal strategies.

40. A verbal strategy is using a set of words chosen to have a specific effect on another person.

41. Very often, senders use special words to get a certain reaction from their receivers.

42. Language strategies may involve the following tactics.

43. Language strategies may involve the following tactics To exclude

44. Language strategies may involve the following tactics To exclude To include To exclude To include

45. Language strategies may involve the following tactics To exclude To include To put down To exclude To include To put down

46. Language strategies may involve the following tactics To exclude To include To put down To build up To exclude To include To put down To build up

47. Language strategies may involve the following tactics To exclude To include To put down To build up To reveal self To exclude To include To put down To build up To reveal self

48. Language strategies may involve the following tactics To exclude To include To put down To build up To reveal self To conceal self To exclude To include To put down To build up To reveal self To conceal self