1. For: Mr. Bausback

3. Model of Rome

4. Does this look familiar?

5. Characteristics 1.During the Republic – Temple Architecture: Blended Etruscan & Greek features Blended Etruscan & Greek features Emphasis on the front of the building. Emphasis on the front of the building. Example: Temple of Fortuna Virilis. Example: Temple of Fortuna Virilis.

6. Temple of “Fortuna Virilis”

7. Characteristics 2. CONCRETE: Created a revolution in architectural design. Created a revolution in architectural design. Create larger, heavier buildings. * example: - The Sanctuary of Fortuna Palestrina. Create larger, heavier buildings. * example: - The Sanctuary of Fortuna Palestrina.

8. Sanctuary of Fortuna Palestrina

9. Model of Roman Forum

10. Model of Trajan’s Forum

11. Characteristics 3. ARCH & VAULT: Coliseum Coliseum Race Track – Circus Maximus Race Track – Circus Maximus Public Baths Public Baths Amphitheaters Amphitheaters

12. Triumphal Arch of Titus

13. Arch of Constantine

14. Barrel or “Tunnel” Vault K Windows can be placed at any point. K These vaults require buttressing to counter-act the downward thrust of weight.

15. Groin Vault K Also called a cross vault. K Needs less buttressing.

16. Multi Groin Vaults K A series of groin vaults can have open lateral arches that form Clerestories. K Windows that allow light into the interior of churches. K These concrete windows are fireproof [an important consideration since many early churches burned!]

17. Early Roman Amphitheater  Seats about 20,000

18. Roman Theater

19. Theater of Marcellus

20. Roman Coliseum

22. Interior of the Coliseum  Arena is Latin for the sand, coating the floor that soaks up the blood of the combatants.

23. Circus Maximus 300,000 seat capacity! 300,000 seat capacity!

24. Roman Bath in England

25. Characteristics 4. DOME: Basilicas - Large and relatively open space. - examples: ► Pantheon ► early Christian churches Basilicas - Large and relatively open space. - examples: ► Pantheon ► early Christian churches

26. Cylindrical Dome K With the dome, the Romans could surpass earlier cultures by their ability to span space. K Light enters through the oculus on top.

27. The Pantheon Plans

28. The Pantheon

29. Pantheon’s Dome

30. The Pantheon Interior

31. Painting by Giovanni Paolo Pannini (18c) Painting by Giovanni Paolo Pannini (18c)

33. Innovative Engineering Techniques 1. Roads – macadam 2. Aqueducts 3. Arch Bridge

34. Via Appia All roads lead to Rome! All roads lead to Rome!

35. Roman Aqueduct

36. Aqueduct in Segovia

37. Roman Arch Bridge in Spain

38. Hadrian’s Wall in Britain

40. Characteristics of Roman Sculpture 1. Collectors and copiers of Greek works [more idealistic]. 2. Categories: Portrait sculpture Portrait sculpture Statues Statues Paintings & mosaics Paintings & mosaics Relief sculptures 3. More realism [show the wrinkles, the bulges, and ageing!]

41. Roman Copy of Greek Art Original created by the Greek sculptor, Polyclitus, 5c BCE

42. Republican Couple  Realistic portraits – like Hellenistic Greek style.

43. Portraits of Emperors Julius Caesar Julius Caesar Nero Nero Hadrian Hadrian Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius

44. Mosaics on a Roman Villa Floor

45. Roman Citizens

46. ColumnOfTrajan

47. Base Relief Legionnaires on Trajan’s Column

48. Roman Sarcophagus  Marble base relief – Etruscan influence?

50. Roman Villa

51. House in Herculaneum

52. Frescoes on aVilla’s Walls Frescoes on aVilla’s Walls

54. Roman Crafts 1c BCE glass bowl Ivory Cameo Gold earrings

56. Jefferson Memorial

57. Lincoln Memorial

58. The US Capitol Building

59. Statue of Justice US Supreme Court Building

60. Federal Court Building in NYC

61. Metropolitan Museum of Art

62. Statue of Liberty

63. The End! Thanks for Watching!