1. Evaporative Emission Standards for Boats
Presented By: John McKnight Director of Environmental & Safety Compliance December 2008

2. Outline Overview of new program Evaporative emission types
New Standards
Program details
Small businesses
Certification
Questions

3. Final Rule
On September 4, 2008, EPA Administrator Steve Johnson signed, into law, new exhaust and evaporative emission standards for spark-ignition marine engines and vessels.
These standards apply only to new engines and vessels sold for use in the United States.
The standards will help reduce harmful health effects of ozone and carbon monoxide from these products.

4. Final Standards: Overview
HC+NOx exhaust emission standards for SI marine engines are similar in stringency to existing standards in California
New CO exhaust emission standards for all SI marine engines
New Not-to-Exceed provisions
New evaporative emission standards

5. Venting emissions
(diurnal, hot soak, running loss)
Refueling/spillage
Permeation
(fuel tank, hoses, other)

6. Highway Evap Standards
Three decades of automotive evaporative emission control
(full vehicle test/standards)
Nonroad equipment are just now becoming subject to evaporative emission control

7. Existing Nonroad Standards
Component based standards
Fuel and tank permeation
Component test for diurnal control
Design-based certification
Existing standards
Large SI equipment (2007)
Recreational vehicles (2008)
Portable gas cans (2009)

8. New Standards SI Marine Portable tanks Vessels Small SI as well
Tank permeation
Self-sealing vent
Vessels
Hose and tank permeation
Diurnal emissions
Refueling spillage
Small SI as well
Running loss

9. Marine Evap Standards
Standard/
Category
Hose Permeation
Tank Permeation
Diurnal
Standard level
15 g/m2/day
1.5 g/m2/day
0.40 g/gal/day
Portable tanks
2009a
2011
2010b
PWC
2009
2010
Other tanks
2012
2011c,d
a 2011 for primer bulbs. Phase-in for under cowl fuel lines, by length, on OB engines: 30% 2010, 60% 2011, 90% 2012, 100% 2015.
b Design standard.
c Fuel tanks installed in nontrailerable boats (> 26 ft. in length or >8.5 ft. in width) may meet a standard of 0.16 g/gal/day over an alternative test cycle.
d The standard is effective July 31, For boats with installed fuel tanks, this standard is phased-in 50%/100% over the first two years. As an alternative, small manufacturers may participate in a diurnal allowance program.
(b) Design standard- Diurnal sealed cap with some type of audible click that lets you know its sealed and a 5 psi relief valve
(c) Trailerable boats must meet .40 grams per gallon per day. Non trailerable .16 grams per gallon per day
(d) Alternative for small volume manufacturers-
Small business 500 employees exempt 1200 boats from canisters between 2011 and 2012.
Notify EPA
Keep records
Label vessel

10. Small Business Provisions
Program Details
Hose
Permeation
Certification
Tank
Permeation
Small Business Provisions
Diurnal
Refueling
Spillage

11. Fuel Line Permeation Fuel line Vent and fill lines
15 g/m2/day, 2009
Fuel CE10, 23°C
Boat and engine hose
Phase-in for under cowl fuel line
Primer bulbs, 2011
Vent and fill lines
Standards do not apply unless hose will hold standing fuel
Fuel line manufacturers will certify
Boat builders can use existing inventory through 2009.

12. Technical Approaches Straight-run hose
Low permeation hose widely available
Fluoroelastomer/fluoroplastic barriers
SAE J1527 includes specification for 15 g/m2/day hose
Molded hose and other rubber components
Fluoroelastomer construction
Alternative primer bulb products
cover
rubber
barrier layer
reinforcement

13. Fuel Tank Permeation 1.5 g/m2/day Design-based certification
E10 fuel, 28°C
Preconditioning
Fuel soak
Durability testing
Design-based certification
Metal tanks
Automotive type multi-layer tanks
Tank manufacturer will certify
Tank manufacturer supplies boat builder with installation standards
Tank manufacturer must specify
Fuel cap requirements
Allowable materials
Thread Pattern
Sealing method- audible click or visual seal

14. Technical Approaches Multi-layer constructions Alternative materials
Barrier treatments
Barrier platelets
Coatings
Nanocomposites

15. Diurnal Standards Portable fuel tanks Installed tanks
Self-sealing valve
Installed tanks
Trailerable boats (<26 ft)
0.40 g/gal/day °C
Nontrailerable boats
0.16 g/gal/day °C
Tank manufacturer will certify
Trailerable boat ABYC S-8 Boat Measurement and Weight Standard

16. Technical Approaches Design-based certification
Seal tank (up to 1.0 psi)
Can use pressure mitigation (e.g. bladder)
Passive-purge carbon canister
Prevent fuel from entering canister
Carbon and canister specifications

17. Examples of Carbon Canisters

18. Refueling Fuel nozzle standards System integration
Marinas must use standard nozzles whenever they replace existing nozzles or install new ones
Same to those already used for motor vehicle pumps
Standardized dimensions
Automatic shut-off
System integration
Fuel systems should be designed to allow flow to nozzle for automatic shut-off
Will help with carbon canister installation designs and reduce spillage

19. System Integration Industry consensus standards
SAE J1527 addresses hose permeation
ABYC H24 potential vehicle for specifying best practices for fuel system designs
NMMA certification
Canister installation standards
Industry is developing canister installation practices in context of EPA & USCG standards
ABYC is assessing fuel/air separators and fuel system designs for spillage control
SAE1527 was not followed
4 week soak at 32 C
EPA finalized 8 week soak

20. Potential Canister Installation

21. XYZ BOAT COMPANY

22. How to Download the Rule
1. Go to
2. Under “Regulations and Guidance,” click on Final Rule.

23. How to Download the Rule
3. The Final Rule will be a PDF document.
4. Go to Federal Register page 59298, which is actually page 266 in the document.

24. Other Resources jmcknight@nmma.org or 202-737-9757 Engine Workshop
Three communication programs in late January 2009
Engine Workshop
Component Manufacturer Workshop
Web based workshop for boat builders