1. BELL RINGERS – 3/5 M.Socrative.com – Room #38178 Questions: 1. What were Post-Impressionism subjects similar to? 2. Who painted in the Pointillism style?

2. THINGS PASSED BACK Binder Checks – you do NOT have to keep these (but DON’T leave them on the floor!) Van Gogh Movie Questions – these MUST go in your binder!!! Behind all the Realism/Impressionism notes you have so far (what you get today will go behind the movie questions) Pointillism Pictures – these are NOT getting passed back (I’m going to hang them up.) Grades are in the gradebook.

3. Realism/Impressionism －－ Architecture

4. ARCHITECTURE A new age of experimentation took architects in a different direction – upward Late in the period, the skyscraper was designed In response to the need to create additional commercial space in tight urban areas

5. ARCHITECTURE Burnham and Root’s Monadnock Building in Chicago, IL It’s the tallest commercial load-bearing masonry building ever constructed. Masonry: built completely of brick and requires increasingly thick supportive walls towards its base Built in halves (north half 1891, then south half 1893)

6. ARCHITECTURE When completed, it was the largest office building in the world The building was remodeled in 1938 to halt the demolition of Chicago’s aging skyscrapers In 1979 it was restored to its original condition

7. ARCHITECTURE

8. The trend in architecture was to combine design, materials, and new concepts of space When all those elements were combined, the skyscraper emerged, first (and almost exclusively) in America

9. ARCHITECTURE Architects erected buildings of unprecedented height without increasing the thickness of lower wall by using structural frameworks – first of iron, later of steel Each story was supported on horizontal girders However, the concept of the skyscraper could not be realized comfortably until the invention of a safe and reliable elevator

10. ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN Sullivan (1856-1924) – one of the most influential figures in the development of the skyscraper and philosophies of modern architecture He was the first truly modern architect Worked in Chicago in 1890, then the most rapidly developing metropolis in the world

11. ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN Considered as the creator of the modern skyscraper He was a mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright (Modernism Architect)

12. ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN Sullivan was the first to cope with the weight-bearing issue He coined the phrase “form follows function” and placed the demands of practical use above aesthetics

13. ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN He designed buildings of great dignity, simplicity, and strength “Form follows function” His Carson, Pirie, and Scott building should look like a department store

14. ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN Wainwright Building Chicago Stock Exchange

15. ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU In the final years of the 19 th century, a new style of architectural decoration evolved called art nouveau It provides a decorative surface that imparts a unique character to any building Its identifying characteristic is the lively, serpentine curve, known as the “whiplash” The OPPOSITE of “form follows function”

16. ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU Art nouveau incorporates organic and often symbolic motifs, usually flowers and animals, and then treats them into a flat, linear, and relief-like manner Parabolas in windows, arches, and doors are common Decorative moldings in plant-derived forms

17. ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU Antoni Gaudi (1852-1926) He designed a number of important buildings in Spain including Casa Batllo in Barcelona

18. ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU He refaced an older building with colored tiles, adding a steep roof that flows from orange to blue- green

19. ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU

22. ARCHITECTURE Widespread experimentation with new forms and materials continued Many attempts have been made to categorize general tendencies and to label specific ones unsuccessfully

23. QUIZ This quiz is OPEN NOTE and only on Realism/Impressionism Art (both pages of notes.) No history or architecture NO TALKING DURING THE QUIZ!!! You can ONLY use what YOU have. Turn it into the box once you’re finished.