1. PowerPoint Authors: Susan Coomer Galbreath, Ph.D., CPA Charles W Caldwell, D.B.A., CMA Jon A. Booker, Ph.D., CPA, CIA Cynthia J. Rooney, Ph.D., CPA CHAPTER 6 REPORTING AND INTERPRETING SALES REVENUE, RECEIVABLES, AND CASH McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

2. ACCOUNTING FOR NET SALES REVENUE Goods have been delivered or services have been rendered. Collection is reasonably assured. Price is fixed or determinable. There is persuasive evidence of an arrangement for customer payment. The revenue realization principle requires that revenues be recorded when earned. 6-2

3. SALES DISCOUNTS TO BUSINESSES Read as: “Two ten, net thirty” 6-3 When customers purchase on open account, they may be offered a sales discount to encourage early payment.

4. SALES RETURNS AND ALLOWANCES Damaged Merchandise Returned Merchandise Customers have a right to return unsatisfactory or damaged merchandise and receive a refund or an adjustment to their bill. Such returns are often accumulated in a separate account called Sales Returns and Allowances. 6-4

5. REPORTING NET SALES Companies record credit card discounts, sales discounts, and sales returns and allowances separately to allow management to monitor these transactions. 6-5

6. MEASURING AND REPORTING RECEIVABLES Accounts receivable are created when companies have sales to customers on open accounts. Trade receivables are amounts owed to the business for credit sales of goods or services. Nontrade receivables are amounts owed to the business for other than business transactions. Notes receivable are written promises from another party to pay with specified terms. Balance Sheet Classifications Current (short term) Noncurrent (long term) 6-6

7. ACCOUNTING FOR BAD DEBTS Bad debts result from credit customers who will not pay the amount they owe, regardless of collection efforts. Matching Principle Bad Debt Expense Sales Revenue Record in same accounting period. Most businesses record an estimate of the bad debt expense with an adjusting entry at the end of the accounting period. 6-7 Allowance Method

8. RECORDING BAD DEBT EXPENSE ESTIMATES Deckers estimated bad debt expense for 2011 to be $75,995. Prepare the adjusting entry. Bad debt expense is normally classified as a selling expense and is closed at year-end. Contra-asset account 6-8

9. Bad debt percentage is based on historical percentage of credit sales that result in bad debts. ESTIMATING BAD DEBTS ─ PERCENTAGE OF CREDIT SALES METHOD 6-9

10. The focus of the percentage of credit sales method is on determining the amount to record on the income statement as Bad Debt Expense. ESTIMATING BAD DEBTS ─ PERCENTAGE OF CREDIT SALES METHOD 6-10

11. The focus of the aging of accounts receivable method is on determining the desired balance in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts on the balance sheet. 6-11 ESTIMATING BAD DEBTS ─ AGING OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

12. 6-12 ESTIMATING BAD DEBTS ─ AGING OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

13. BANK RECONCILIATION ILLUSTRATED Example of a Bank Reconciliation 6-13

14. BANK RECONCILIATION ILLUSTRATED The bank reconciliation identifies previously unrecorded transactions or changes that are necessary to cause the company’s Cash account(s) to show the correct cash balance. Any transactions or changes on the company’s books side of the bank reconciliation need journal entries. 6-14

15. END OF CHAPTER 6 6-15