1. RadiCal

2. Team Members: Gerald Frolich David Baroff Dickson Yuen Seth Drake Advisors: Gary Hill – EE Dr. David Stout – MAE Dr. Garrett – Principal Investigator

3.  Between the years of 2003-2013:  112 CubeSats have been launched ▪ 49 of the 54 1U CubeSats were university constructed (91%) ▪ 27 of the 34 failed CubeSat missions have been university led (80%)  Approximately 50% of all university based CubeSats fail to reach mission success, while less than 20% of Industry led CubeSats fail

4. Swartwout, "The First One Hundred CubeSats”

5.  Why?  Discontinuity with regards to the sharing of knowledge  Insufficient pre-launch system-level testing Semester 1 Semester 2 Semester 3 Semester 4 Semester 5 Semester 6 One Team Start Finish Universities Industry Start Finish

6. Semester 1 Semester 2 Semester 3 Semester 4 Semester 5 Semester 6 One Team Start Finish Universities Industry Start Finish  Why?  Discontinuity with regards to the sharing of knowledge  Insufficient pre-launch system-level testing  Amount of CubeSats being manifested is increasing rapidly  23 launched in 2012  80 in 2013 ▪ More launches than in the first 10 years combined

7.  Why?  Discontinuity with regards to the sharing of knowledge  Insufficient pre-launch system-level testing  Amount of CubeSats being manifested is increasing rapidly  23 launched in 2012  80 in 2013 ▪ More launches than in the first 10 years combined Swartwout, "The First One Hundred CubeSats”

8.  Why?  Discontinuity with regards to the sharing of knowledge  Insufficient pre-launch system-level testing  Amount of CubeSats being manifested is increasing rapidly  23 launched in 2012  80 in 2013 ▪ More launches than in the first 10 years combined  Many are coming from new schools  Little to no institutional experience  Common mistakes of past missions are repeated Swartwout, "The First One Hundred CubeSats”

9. NASA, “CubeSat Launch Initiative: 50 CubeSats from 50 States in 5 years”

10.  Education  Spacecraft Design Classes/Labs  Spacecraft Environment Interactions  System Integration & Environmental Testing  Launch Sets ▪ Launch Vehicles ▪ Fuel Type  Mission Sets ▪ Orbit ▪ Objective  Certification of University CubeSat Test Facilities

11.  2 Sets of Curriculum  Spacecraft Design  Building a CubeSat ▪ Structural Components (MAE) ▪ Electronic Components (EE)  Testing: structure / basic sensor suite testing  Spacecraft Environment Interactions  Environments and Interactions to be considered  Effect of such interactions on satellites  Testing: pre-launch / sensor suite /CalSat

12.  Education of space environment interactions  Labs to demonstrate concepts  Labs to test on CalSat  Examples of topics  Vacuum  Plasma Environment  Charging and Arcing  Material Outgassing and Contamination  Particle Environment and Space Debris  Radiation

13.  Standard Set – General Environmental Verification Standards (GEVS)  Set by NASA, last revised January 2014 TESTCalSat Sensor Random VibrationAccelerometer/Vibration sensor Sinusoidal VibrationAccelerometer/Vibration sensor ShockAccelerometer/Shock sensor Thermal Vacuum BakeoutThermal sensor/ Pressure sensor  This is not enough, CubeSats are still failing after launch  Pre-launch testing is not thorough enough  Additional environmental interactions for CubeSat testing (e.g. radiation, electro-magnetic flux, etc.)

14. CalSat Launch/Mission Sets Launch & Mission Sets Basic Testing Mission Specific Testing Universities Industry CalSat  Compile a database with a set of standards specific to different types of rockets and missions  Low Budget  Inexperience  Discontinuity  One Team  Top Tier Engineers

15. CalSat Launch/Mission Sets Falcon IX  Launch Vehicle Dependent  Shock Ranges  Vibration Ranges  Acoustic Ranges LEO Launch SetMission Set  Compile a database with a set of standards specific to different types of rockets and missions  Orbit Dependent  LEO / ISS  GEO  Lunar  Inner Solar System

16. Launch YearRocket nameFuel typeLaunched Cubes 2006Dnepr-ILiquid Throughout14 2007Minotaur ISolid Throughout2 2007Dnepr-ILiquid Throughout7 2008Falcon ILiquid Throughout2 2009Minotaur ISolid Throughout4 2010Minotaur IVSolid Throughout2 2010Falcon 9Liquid Throughout8 2011Taurus XLSolid Throughout3 2011Delta IILiquid Stages w/ Solid Boosters5 2012Atlas VLiquid Stages w/ Solid Boosters9 2012VegaSolid Throughout7 2013Minotaur ISolid Throughout12 2013Atlas VLiquid Stages w/ Solid Boosters10 2014Dnepr-ILiquid Throughout28 2014Falcon 9Liquid Throughout5

17.  Compile a database, given a set of standards, specific to different types of missions  Orbit ▪ LEO / ISS ▪ GEO ▪ Lunar ▪ Inner Solar System  Mission Objective ▪ What is being measured ▪ Duration of mission  Mission Tests CalSat Launch/Mission Sets

18. NASA, “NASA Announces University CubeSat Space Mission Candidates”

19. Dosimeter Pressure Sensor Accelerometer / Shock Sensor Vibration / Temperature Sensor Motherboard

20. CSULB Survey of CubeSat programs Assist with building of CalSat Assist with creation of CalSat education program JPL Define environmental tests and interactions CalSat development and creation Expert Knowledge for CalSat education program

21.  Create the first (Non-Flying) CubeSat designed to validate/calibrate environmental testing equipment  Create Launch & Mission specific sets of testing procedures to better reflect actual flight stresses and mission environmental interactions  Develop an educational program for universities to follow, focused on CubeSats

22.  Swartwout, Michael. "The First One Hundred CubeSats: A Statistical Look." Journal of Small Satellites 2: 213-33. JoSS Online. Web..  "CubeSat Launch Initiative: 50 CubeSats from 50 States in 5 Years." NASA. 31 July 2014. Web..  "NASA Announces University CubeSat Space Mission Candidates." NASA. 6 Feb. 2015. Web..  "Launch Services Program: Program Level Dispenser and CubeSat Requirements Document." NASA. 30 Jan. 2014. Web..  "Past Launches." CubeSat.org. Web..  Hastings, Daniel, and Henry Garrett. Spacecraft-Environment Interactions. New York City: Cambridge UP, 2004. Print.  Stumbo, Matthew, and Jason Rapp. "Vacuum Chamber Basics Technical Memo." California Polytechnic State University, 17 Jan. 2012. Web..  Stumbo, Matthew, and Leila Tebyani. "Radiation in the Space Environment Analysis." California Polytechnic State University, 1 Jan. 2012. Web..