1. FUNGI

2. Plants vs. Fungi
Plants have chlorophyll and photosynthesize, fungi do not
Plants have roots, leaves, and stems, fungi do not
Plant cell walls are polysaccharide cellulose, fungal cell walls are not

3. General Characteristics eukaryote
Fungi
General Characteristics
eukaryote
absorptive heterotroph - saprobe or parasite
cell walls made of chitin
multicellular (except for yeast)
reproduce with spores

4. Basic Structure
Hyphae- thin filaments making up a fungus (some called rhizoids help to anchor the fungus)
Mycelium- mass of tangled filaments (hyphae); most of these are in soil or embedded in host’s tissue
Fruiting body­- reproductive structure; what you see
Spores- thick-walled; located at tips of some hyphae; for reproduction

5. Structure
hyphae
Fungi

6. Structure
mycelium
Fungi

7. extracellular digestion enzymes are secreted into food source
food source is digested by enzymes
nutrients are absorbed by fungus
Fungi

8. fungal spores dispersed Spores that reach food source – germinate
Life Cycle
fungal spores dispersed
Spores that reach food source – germinate
hyphae penetrate into food
Nutrients are absorbed
mycelium grows from the food
fruiting body is made
releases spores
Read pages 591 and 592
Fungi

9. Fungi are diverse and are classified based on their
reproductive structures
(how they produce spores)

10. common name - common molds ex – bread mold reproduction
Phylum Zygomycota
common name - common molds
ex – bread mold
reproduction
asexual – spores from sporangium
sexual - zygospore forms when hyphae of different sexes fuse together; thick walled zygospore is formed
uses – parasite, saprobe
Fungi

11. common name – club fungi
Phylum Basidiomycota
common name – club fungi
ex – mushrooms, shelf fungi, smuts, rusts, puffballs
reproduction
basidiospores
basidia – club shaped structure where spores form on gills
uses – many are edible; plant disease; poisonous (toadstools)
Fungi

12. smuts rusts stinkhorn shelf fungi

13. Fungi
puff balls
mushrooms

14. ex – yeast, powdery mildews, morels reproduction
Phylum Ascomycota
common name – sac fungi
ex – yeast, powdery mildews, morels
reproduction
asexual – conidiophores (clusters of spores)
sexual – ascospores produces in
ascus (sac like structure)
uses – brewing, baking, research, plant diseases, some are edible
Fungi

15. Morels Yeast Powdery mildews
Fungi
Morels
Yeast Powdery mildews

16. common name – imperfect fungi
Phylum Deuteromycota
common name – imperfect fungi
ex – penicillium, ring worm, athlethe’s foot, jock itch
reproduction
only asexual
uses – penecillin / antibiotics, soy sauce,
bleu cheese, citric acid
Fungi

17. Fungi
ring worm

18. Athlete’s foot (ring worm) Nail fungus
Fungi
Athlete’s foot
(ring worm)
Nail fungus

19. mutualistic relationship
Phylum mycophycota
common name – lichen
mutualistic relationship
fungus & green algae, neither could live alone
algae provides food, fungus provides protection and minerals
reproduction (skip)
uses – food for animals, pioneer species, starts soil in some places
Fungi

20. Fungi
lichen

21. Good and Bad Things About Fungi
The Good
Decomposers (nutrient cycling)
Some medicines
Penicillin
Some food
Blue cheese
Mushrooms
Habitat
The Bad
Some poisonous
Some parasitic
Some disease-causing
Athlete’s foot
Ringworm
Yeast infections/ jock itch