1. MET 10 1 MET 10 Weather and Climate MET 10 Weather and Climate: Lecture 14 Global Climate Dr. Eugene Cordero Fall 2003 San Jose State University Reading: Ch 13: pg 339-345 Outline:  What is climate?  Factors that influence local climate  Climate game

2. MET 10 2 MET 10 Weather and Climate Major Circulation Features  Tropics – – –  Midlatitudes – –

3. MET 10 3 MET 10 Weather and Climate Major Circulation Features  Tropics –SE and NE Trade winds –ITCZ –Subtropical Highs  Midlatitudes –Upper level Westerlies –Midlatitude Cyclones

4. MET 10 4 MET 10 Weather and Climate Major Winds Systems

6. MET 10 6 MET 10 Weather and Climate What is climate?  Climate is  Examples of weather vs climate:  Climate is:

7. MET 10 7 MET 10 Weather and Climate What is climate?  Climate is  Examples of weather vs climate:  Climate is: the average of day to day weather over a long duration –Today the temperature is 68F (weather). –Los Angeles has warm summers (climate).

8. Annual Surface Temperature

9. MET 10 9 MET 10 Weather and Climate

10. MET 10 10 MET 10 Weather and Climate January Average sea-level Pressure and surface wind pattern

11. MET 10 11 MET 10 Weather and Climate July Average sea-level Pressure and surface wind pattern

12. MET 10 12 MET 10 Weather and Climate Controls on Climate  Seasonal temperature and precipitation patters are generally attributable to:      

13. MET 10 13 MET 10 Weather and Climate Controls on Climate  Seasonal temperature and precipitation patters are generally attributable to:  Latitude  Mountains and highlands  Pressure and wind systems  Land and water location  Ocean currents  Prevailing wind direction

14. MET 10 14 MET 10 Weather and Climate Climate controls: Latitude/Mountains  Latitude – –  Mountains – –

15. MET 10 15 MET 10 Weather and Climate Climate controls: Latitude/Mountains  Latitude – –  Mountains – – Higher latitude climates are generally colder Lower latitudes warmer and more moist Higher altitudes: cooler temperatures Windward side of mountains, cooler and wetter than leeward side

16. MET 10 16 MET 10 Weather and Climate

17. MET 10 17 MET 10 Weather and Climate

18. MET 10 18 MET 10 Weather and Climate Controls on Climate: Oceans  Ocean Temperatures –Coasts of continents are affected by ocean temperatures: Generally less temperature extremes compared to interior of continents –Cold oceans: –Warm oceans:

19. MET 10 19 MET 10 Weather and Climate Controls on Climate: Oceans  Ocean Temperatures –Coasts of continents are affected by ocean temperatures: Generally less temperature extremes compared to interior of continents –Cold oceans: –Warm oceans: generally produce cooler/drier conditions generally produce more warm/humid conditions

20. MET 10 20 MET 10 Weather and Climate

21. MET 10 21 MET 10 Weather and Climate

22. MET 10 22 MET 10 Weather and Climate

23. MET 10 23 MET 10 Weather and Climate Controls on Climate: Pressure systems  Rising and sinking motion associated with low and high pressure affects climate  Areas where pressure seasonally low, (rising motion) –  Areas where pressure seasonally high, (sinking motion) –

24. MET 10 24 MET 10 Weather and Climate Controls on Climate: Pressure systems  Rising and sinking motion associated with low and high pressure affects climate  Areas where pressure seasonally low, (rising motion) –  Areas where pressure seasonally high, (sinking motion) – ITCZ: rainy Subtropical high: warm and dry

25. MET 10 25 MET 10 Weather and Climate

26. Three Cell Model

27. Climate Game Names ___________________________  Match the city with the corresponding climatology by indicating the appropriate letter  °  Sacramento, California (38°N) _____________  Phoenix, Arizona (33°N)_____________  Denver, Colorado (40°N)_____________  Iquitos, Peru (4°S)_____________  °  Mobile, Alabama (30°N)_____________  °  Winnipeg, Canada (50°N)_____________  °  Fairbanks, Alaska (65°N)_____________

29. MET 10 29 MET 10 Weather and Climate Activity 6: Due March 20 Explain in 2-4 sentences: 1.What is the predominate direction of the jet stream? 2.Explain why are the trade winds northeasterly in the Northern Hemisphere and southeasterly in the Southern Hemisphere? 3.What is the intertropical convergence zone?