1. Jump Start Check your grades.Check your grades. TURN IN late “Observing Vertebrate Skeletons”TURN IN late “Observing Vertebrate Skeletons” TURN IN the “Muscle/Foot Model” Activity from yesterdayTURN IN the “Muscle/Foot Model” Activity from yesterday For a participation point, write the corresponding term for each on your slate:For a participation point, write the corresponding term for each on your slate: This muscle tissue allows for involuntary movements; among different places it can be found, the digestive track is one placeThis muscle tissue allows for involuntary movements; among different places it can be found, the digestive track is one place The heart beat is what type of muscle movement?The heart beat is what type of muscle movement? When muscle fibers are moving across each other, your muscles are said to be doing what?When muscle fibers are moving across each other, your muscles are said to be doing what?

2. Circulatory System

3. General Characteristics 1.supplies body’s cells with nutrients and oxygen 2.removes carbon dioxide and other wastes 3.helps fight disease 4.4-6 liters of blood in the human body

4. Structure Heart – myocardium (thick muscle layers of the heart) contracts to pump blood into the arteries and to the rest of the bodyHeart – myocardium (thick muscle layers of the heart) contracts to pump blood into the arteries and to the rest of the body

5. Structure Sinoatrial (SA) node – group of cardiac muscle cells start the contraction and cause heart muscle cells of the atria to contract togetherSinoatrial (SA) node – group of cardiac muscle cells start the contraction and cause heart muscle cells of the atria to contract together The pacemaker of the heartThe pacemaker of the heart Atrioventricular (AV) node – similar group of muscle cells causing the cells of the ventricles to contractAtrioventricular (AV) node – similar group of muscle cells causing the cells of the ventricles to contract Two beats together make the characteristic “lub-dub” heartbeat soundTwo beats together make the characteristic “lub-dub” heartbeat sound

6. Structure Arteries – blood vessels with thick wallsArteries – blood vessels with thick walls Carry blood away from the heartCarry blood away from the heart Blood pressure (force of blood on walls) is felt in arteriesBlood pressure (force of blood on walls) is felt in arteries Capillaries – smallest vessels (walls are one cell thick)Capillaries – smallest vessels (walls are one cell thick) Bring nutrients and oxygen to cells and absorb carbon dioxide and wastesBring nutrients and oxygen to cells and absorb carbon dioxide and wastes Blood cells are carried single fileBlood cells are carried single file

7. Structure Veins – blood vessels with thin walls and valves to prevent backflowVeins – blood vessels with thin walls and valves to prevent backflow Carry blood toward the heartCarry blood toward the heart

8. Capillaries of head and arms Capillaries of abdominal organs and legs Inferior vena cava Pulmonary vein Capillaries of right lung Superior vena cava Aorta Pulmonary artery Capillaries of left lung

9. Blood – connective tissue that is half fluid (plasma) and half blood cellsBlood – connective tissue that is half fluid (plasma) and half blood cells 1.Transport of oxygen carried by hemoglobin in red blood cells 2.Guard against infection (white blood cells) 3.Production of antibodies (lymphocytes) 4.Blood clotting (platelets) Blood

10. Blood (con’t) Lymphatic system – collects lymph (fluid that leaks from blood into surrounding tissues) and returns it to the blood 5. Lymphatic system – collects lymph (fluid that leaks from blood into surrounding tissues) and returns it to the blood Absorbs nutrientsAbsorbs nutrients Fights infectionsFights infections

11. Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular Disease – diseases of the circulatory systemCardiovascular Disease – diseases of the circulatory system Hypertension = high blood pressure; caused by buildup of fatty deposits in arteriesHypertension = high blood pressure; caused by buildup of fatty deposits in arteries Atherosclerosis = caused by build up of plaqueAtherosclerosis = caused by build up of plaque Blood clots and blockage of arteries block blood flow to heart muscle cells (causing heart attacks) and to brain cells (causing strokes)Blood clots and blockage of arteries block blood flow to heart muscle cells (causing heart attacks) and to brain cells (causing strokes)

13. Review: Immune system protects the body from invasion of pathogensImmune system protects the body from invasion of pathogens White blood cells (lymphocytes, macrophages, T-cells, B-cells, and antibodies) are also components of the circulatory systemWhite blood cells (lymphocytes, macrophages, T-cells, B-cells, and antibodies) are also components of the circulatory system