1. Reflective Reviews Promote student reflection and personalization of information Formation of real-world connections Student-mediated reviews Elaboration of information Consolidate, connect, & extend understanding of core ideas WHAT Instructional routines to use at the end of a lesson or unit WHY

2. The following are a few samples from the Makes Sense Strategies of Reflective Review techniques

3. CROWN C ommunicate what you learned that was important –Specific things you learned –Generally, what was the whole lesson about? R eaction to this information? O rganization? –What would be the best way to organize this whole thing? Hierarchic? Compare/contrast? Cause/effect? Sequences? W ays these ideas are similar or different from what you already knew? N ote how well we did as learners –Best part? Part you liked least? –Did you meet a personal goal?

4. O rganization What would be the best way to organize this whole thing? Why? C ommunicate what you learned This whole lesson was about… Specific & important things learned… The best part was… The part I liked the least was… N ote how well we did as learners today…. R eaction? Hierarchic Compare/contrast Cause/effect Sequences Surprises Connections Insights Interesting / Boring because… Did you meet a personal goal? YES NO W ays this information is similar or different from what you already knew

5. What if? Step 1: Teach the content-area lesson. Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Core Idea of Lesson

6. Step 2: Use the top half of the What if? Think-sheet to review the key points of the lesson. Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Core Idea of Lesson

7. Step 2: Use the top half of the What if? think sheet to review the key points of the lesson. Ask students to summarize essential details about the topic Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

8. Step 2: Use the top half of the What if? think sheet to review the key points of the lesson. Ask students to summarize essential details about the topic Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

9. Step 2: Use the top half of the What if? think sheet to review the key points of the lesson. Ask students to summarize essential details about the topic Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

10. Step 2: Use the top half of the What if? think sheet to review the key points of the lesson. Ask students to summarize essential details about the topic Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

11. Step 2: Use the top half of the What if? think sheet to review the key points of the lesson. Ask students to summarize essential details about the topic Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Congress spends BIG BUCKS to get re- elected Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

12. Step 2: Use the top half of the What if? think sheet to review the key points of the lesson. Ask students to summarize essential details about the topic Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Congress spends BIG BUCKS to get re- elected Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

13. Step 3: Ask each team of students to generate a What if? Statement Presidential “line-item” veto Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Congress spends BIG BUCKS to get re- elected Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

14. Step 4: Ask each team to pass their think sheet with the What if? statement noted on it to another team Presidential “line-item” veto Better legislative checks & balance (more responsible spending) Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Congress spends BIG BUCKS to get re- elected Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

15. Step 6: Teams add essential details to their hypothetical What if? situation Presidential “line-item” veto Better legislative checks & balance (more responsible spending) Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Congress spends BIG BUCKS to get re- elected Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

16. Step 6: Teams add essential details to their hypothetical What if? situation Presidential “line-item” veto Better legislative checks & balance (more responsible spending) Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Politicians look good to voters because they “tried…” Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Congress spends BIG BUCKS to get re- elected Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

17. Step 6: Teams add essential details to their hypothetical What if? situation Presidential “line-item” veto Better legislative checks & balance (more responsible spending) Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Politicians look good to voters because they “tried…” Slow down ever increasing control of government Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Congress spends BIG BUCKS to get re- elected Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

18. Step 6: Teams add essential details to their hypothetical What if? situation Presidential “line-item” veto Better legislative checks & balance (more responsible spending) Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Politicians look good to voters because they “tried…” Slow down ever increasing control of government More money to spend on things we really need Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Congress spends BIG BUCKS to get re- elected Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

19. Step 7: Each teams shares with the class their response to their hypothetical What if? situation Presidential “line-item” veto Better legislative checks & balance (more responsible spending) Key Idea About How Things Might Be Different Politicians look good to voters because they “tried…” Slow down ever increasing control of government More money to spend on things we really need Core Idea About How Things Might Be Different What If…? Key Idea Add-ons from “piggy-back” bills Professional lobbyists wine & dine” representatives Congress spends BIG BUCKS to get re- elected Core Idea of Lesson PORK-BARREL SPENDING (all the unnecessary spending by the government)

20. Revisited webs

21. Before using “Revisited Webs” as a Reflective Review procedure, you’ll need to develop a web depicting essential main ideas and details with students as the lesson is taught

27. Step 1: Develop a web depicting essential main ideas and details with students as the lesson is taught

28. Before using “Revisited Webs” as a Reflective Review procedure, you’ll need to develop a web depicting essential main ideas and details with students as the lesson is taught

32. At the end of the lesson, revisit the web by having students note in green parallel ideas or people from today’s world

39. Next, ask students to note in blue opposite ideas or people from today’s world

44. Next, ask students to note in red opposite ideas or people from today’s world Abolitionists people who wanted to abolish slavery Underground Railroad Kansas/Nebraska Act Harriet Beecher Stowe “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” wrote about social problems of slavery John Brown Raid on Harper’s Ferry advocated use of violence to make change happen Missouri Compromise Martin Luther King Selma/Montgomery Peace March advocated nonviolent approach to make change happen people who want to abolish abortion Roe v. Wade Abortion Clinic bombings providing counselors outside of abortion clinics to help pregnant teenager make a different choice Some think abortion is OK if mom’s life is in danger or if raped (compromise) in old days, women had to sneak around to get abortion (against law) Jerry Spinelli writes about today’s social problems “Maniac McGee” BLUE = contemporary parallel example RED = contemporary opposite example

45. Anchoring key concepts via Real-world Connections