1. MOBILE NETWORK PLANNING Propagation loss models Lab 2

2. Propagation Loss models  Propagation model calculates the path loss between transmitter and receiver  Required for calculating power budgets

3. Okumura’s Model  The model has been developed from an extensive series of field trials, which were undertaken in and around Tokyo  Okumura, carried out extensive drive test measurements, with a range of:  clutter type  frequency  transmitter height  transmitter power  Okumura’s work comprised more of raw data rather than information that could directly help n/w planners

4. Hata model  In an attempt to make the Okumura model easy to apply, Hata established empirical mathematical relationships to describe the graphical information given by Okumura  Hata's formulation is limited to certain ranges of input parameters  Restrictions of Hata-Okumura model  BS height: 30 - 200 m  MS height: 1 - 10 m  Frequency: 500 – 1500 MHz  Distance between MS & BS: 1 - 20 Km

5. Cont’d  This model works for different morphologies  Dense Urban:  Area with closely located high rise buildings  Urban:  Heavily built-up area with close multi-storey buildings  Suburban:  Typically a residential area with houses rather than buildings  Rural:  Large area uninhibited, village

6. CategoryDescription Dense UrbanCity morphology, typically downtown or business district consisting of closely situated high-rise buildings (eight stories or more) and a dense subscriber population UrbanHeavily built up, crowded with large buildings and multistory residences, or large village closely interspersed with multistory houses, thickly grown trees Sub UrbanComposed of a village or highway with scattered houses, small buildings, an trees, often near the mobile station RuralFew obstacles like tall trees or buildings in the propagation path, and with cleared areas approaching 300 to 400 m across (for instance, farm land, open fields)

7. Hata Urban Variables150 - 1500 MHz 1500 – 2000 MHz c1c1 69.5546.3 c2c2 26.1633.9 f : Carrier frequency (MHz) h b : Base station antenna height 30 m ≤ h b ≤ 200 m h m : Mobile station antenna height a(h m ) : Mobile antenna gain function c 1 & c 2 are correction factors d: distance in km

8. Hata Dense urban Variables150 - 1500 MHz 1500 – 2000 MHz C1C1 69.5546.3 C2C2 26.1633.9 f : Carrier frequency (MHz) h b : Base station antenna height 30 m ≤ h b ≤ 200 m h m : Mobile station antenna height a(h m ) : Mobile antenna gain function c 1 & c 2 are correction factors C m : 3 dB

9. Hata model for Sub-urban Hata model for Quasi-open rural Hata model for Open Remember! Propagation models will never give accurate path loss  In fact it is only a prediction for the path loss

10. Today’s Lab task  Make function files for Hata’s model  There would be five function files  Use these files to find the Loss incurred by the radio signal under the following circumstances  Operating frequency: 910 MHz  Distance between BS & MS: 2 Km  BS height: 45 m  MS height: 1.5 m  Attach the function files in the handout!  See next slide for more…

11.  Re-create results