1. POST WORLD WAR II THE COLD WAR

2. UNITED NATIONS Replaced the League of Nations Guaranteed the security of member nations Fostered good will through equal rights Encouraged economic, cultural, and humanitarian cooperation

3. NATIONAL POLICIES Western allies wanted to achieve security by strengthening democracy Soviets wanted to establish pro-soviet governments in Eastern Europe The “iron curtain”, a soviet-made barrier that split Europe into communist and non- communist countries, developed The U.S. implemented a policy of “containment”

4. KEY EVENTS OF THE COLD WAR

5. The Berlin Blockade The soviets blocked allied supplies from entering Berlin (West Germany) from June 1948-May 1949

7. Korean War A fight to halt the spread of communism in Korea A civil war attempting to reunite Korea, fought by opposing regimes (the North backed by Soviet forces and the South backed by U.S. forces) June 25, 1950 to July 27, 1953

9. Bay of Pigs Unsuccessful attempt by American-backed Cuban exiles to overthrow Fidel Castro April 1961 (three months after John F. Kennedy took office as president) Further strained U.S. – Cuban relations

10. The Cuban Missile Crisis The Soviets placed nuclear missiles in Cuba as a threat to the U.S. and to offset U.S. missiles placed in Turkey. 1962

12. Vietnam War A fight to halt the spread of communism in Viet Nam North Vietnam backed by communist allies were opposed by the South Vietnamese rebels backed by U.S. forces U.S. military advisors first arrived in 1950 U.S. involvement escalated in the early 1960s and combat units were deployed beginning in 1965combat units A peace treaty was signed in 1973 by all parties 1975 Saigon fell to North Vietnam

14. Detente A relaxation of tensions between the U.S. and Soviets 1972