1. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT PATRICIA L. RIOS ATTORNEY AT LAW RIOS LAW OFFICE 2540 W. WASHINGTON STREET, SUITE 302 INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA (317) 781-8565

2. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT Empowerment refers to Spiritual, Political, Social or Economic strength of individuals and communities. It often involves the empowered developing confidence in their own capacities.

3. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT Empowerment Spiritual Spiritual Political Political Social Social Economic strength of individuals and communities. Economic strength of individuals and communities. It often involves the empowered developing confidence in their own capacities. It often involves the empowered developing confidence in their own capacities.

4. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT "Marginalized" refers to the overt or covert trends within societies whereby those perceived as lacking desirable traits or deviating from the group norms tend to be excluded by wider society and ostracised as undesirables. (IMMIGRANTS) "Marginalized" refers to the overt or covert trends within societies whereby those perceived as lacking desirable traits or deviating from the group norms tend to be excluded by wider society and ostracised as undesirables. (IMMIGRANTS) This occurred in particular to African Americans prior to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This occurred in particular to African Americans prior to the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

5. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT EQUAL OPPORTUNITY laws which actively oppose such marginalization, allow increased empowerment to occur. EQUAL OPPORTUNITY laws which actively oppose such marginalization, allow increased empowerment to occur. These laws are the product of minorities' and women's empowerment through lobbying. (ERA, CRA). These laws are the product of minorities' and women's empowerment through lobbying. (ERA, CRA). TRADITIONALLY CHANGE MADE THROUGH GROUP EFFORTS. TRADITIONALLY CHANGE MADE THROUGH GROUP EFFORTS.

6. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT Marginalized people who have no opportunities for self-sufficiency become, at a minimum, dependent on charity or welfare. Marginalized people who have no opportunities for self-sufficiency become, at a minimum, dependent on charity or welfare. The opportunities denied them also deprive them of the pride of accomplishment which others, who have those opportunities, can develop for themselves. The opportunities denied them also deprive them of the pride of accomplishment which others, who have those opportunities, can develop for themselves. This in turn can lead to psychological, social and even mental health problems. This in turn can lead to psychological, social and even mental health problems.

7. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT Empowerment is the process of obtaining basic opportunities for marginalized people, either directly, or through the help of non- marginalized others who share their own access to these opportunities. Empowerment is the process of obtaining basic opportunities for marginalized people, either directly, or through the help of non- marginalized others who share their own access to these opportunities. It also includes actively resisting attempts to deny those opportunities. It also includes actively resisting attempts to deny those opportunities. Empowerment also includes encouraging, and developing the skills for self-sufficiency. Empowerment also includes encouraging, and developing the skills for self-sufficiency.

8. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT STRATEGIES One empowerment strategy is to assist marginalized people to create their own nonprofit organization. One empowerment strategy is to assist marginalized people to create their own nonprofit organization. Only the marginalized people know what their communities need most, and that control of the organization by outsiders can actually help to further entrench marginalization. Only the marginalized people know what their communities need most, and that control of the organization by outsiders can actually help to further entrench marginalization.

9. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT DECISION MAKING POWER DECISION MAKING POWER ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION SKILLS FOR BUILDING PERSONAL/ GROUP POWER SKILLS FOR BUILDING PERSONAL/ GROUP POWER CHANGE THROUGH DEMOCRATIC MEANS CHANGE THROUGH DEMOCRATIC MEANS INCREASING SELF IMAGE AND OVERCOMING STIGMA INCREASING SELF IMAGE AND OVERCOMING STIGMA

10. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT WORKPLACE EMPOWERMENT WORKPLACE EMPOWERMENT COMMUNITY (SCHOOLS) COMMUNITY (SCHOOLS) ECONOMIC (BUYING POWER/SOCIO ECONOMIC) ECONOMIC (BUYING POWER/SOCIO ECONOMIC) PERSONAL (1 PERSON 1 VOTE) PERSONAL (1 PERSON 1 VOTE) GLOBAL (NATIONAL OR WORLD INITIATIVES) GLOBAL (NATIONAL OR WORLD INITIATIVES)

11. POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT CONTEMPORARY ISSUES EQUAL PAY FOR WOMEN EQUAL PAY FOR WOMEN JUSTICE (POOR v. $$$$$$$$) JUSTICE (POOR v. $$$$$$$$) EDUCATION (SEPARATE BUT EQUAL) EDUCATION (SEPARATE BUT EQUAL) SEXUAL ORIENTATION/MARRIAGE SEXUAL ORIENTATION/MARRIAGE IMMIGRANT RIGHTS IMMIGRANT RIGHTS

12. Thank You!