1. Chapter 8 Study Guide

2. Number 3 Two Founders James Hutton and Charles Lyell

3. Number 4 4 Criteria for Index Fossils Abundant Widespread Distinct Existed for only a short period of time

4. Number 5 Index Fossils- Fossil used to establish age of rock layer Trace Fossils- Fossilized mark left by the movement of an animal Paleontology- Study of fossils

5. Number 6 Relative age- Age of something based on rock around it. Absolute age- Actual numeric age of an object.

6. Number 7 Law of Superposition- Rock layers on the bottom are older that rock layers on the top. Law of Crosscutting Relationships- A intrusion or fault is younger than the rock layer that is cuts through. Principle of OH- Rock layers form in flat layers because of gravity, but can be moved by tectonic forces

7. Number 7 cont. Principle of Uniformitarianism- The same forces that have acted on Earth in the past are still acting on Earth. Rocks tell time.

8. Number 8

9. Number 9 Gravity

10. Number 10 Sedimentary rock- Only rock that does not have heat and pressure to form

11. Number 11 Dry and hot climate is needed for mummification because of bacteria

12. Number 12 Nonconformity between what 2 layers?

13. Number 13 Dead Buried quickly