1. Active Beam Spectroscopy in Hot Fusion Plasmas (Beam Emission Spectroscopy and MSE) Acknowledgement: CXRS groups at JET, TEXTOR, Tore Supra, ASDEX-UG and members of the ITPA expert group on Active Beam Spectroscopy Manfred von Hellermann FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, NL Seminar-III Institute for Plasma Physics Academy of Sciences Hefei, China May, 7, 2007

2. M. von Hellermann Combination of CXRS and BES: common line of sight and beam geometry Beam Emission Spectroscopy as tool for absolute calibration of CXRS signals

3. M. von Hellermann First observation of a CXRS D-alpha spectrum on JET 1986 Alain Boileau, PhD Thesis, University of Montreal 1988

4. M. von Hellermann W.Mandl 1991, first fully modelled Balmer-alpha-CX and beam spectrum

5. M. von Hellermann Beam Emission Rate vs. collision energy and electron density c.f. ADAS file ADF312

6. M. von Hellermann Beam Emission Rate versus collision energy and ion temperature ADAS file ADF312

7. M. von Hellermann Beam Emission rate versus collision energy and C+6 concentration

8. M. von Hellermann local concentration measurements reduced to a line ratio measurement Combination of CXRS and BES enables deduction of ion densities without absolute calibration and measurement of optical transmission Combination of CXRS and BES enables deduction of ion densities without absolute calibration and measurement of optical transmission Note: Atomic rates Q depend on energy, electron and ion densities and temperatures

9. M. von Hellermann Comparison of beam line-densities derived from beam stopping and beam emission respectively

10. M. von Hellermann TEXTOR comparison of beam line-densities from beam stopping and beam emission respectively

11. M. von Hellermann Questions: Is the deviation between beam-stopping beam densities and beam-emission deduced beam densities due to: a)Geometry factors, alignment, beam dimensions ? b)Errors in beam stopping cross-sections ? c)Errors in beam emission rates ? d)Do we need to establish further experiments ? e)Do we need to review atomic physics ?

12. M. von Hellermann D-alpha-BES and D-alpha-CXRS Robert Wolf 1993

13. M. von Hellermann Ratio of Pi-over-Sigma Group in JET MSE spectrum

14. M. von Hellermann

15. M.von Hellermann et al., ITER report December 2003

16.            D-alpha-edge D-alpha-CX  

17. M. von Hellermann

18. MSE ratio  for U-ports 2 &3 U-port 2 U-port 3

19. M. von Hellermann The most accurate data extracted from the beam spectrum is the Lorentz split representing the total magnetic field as local measurement. This offers a promising back-up to pick-up coils and magnetic field measurements making use of electronic integrators. Expected accuracies are better than 0.5%

20. M. von Hellermann R.C.Wolf, L-G Eriksson, M von Hellermann, R.König, W.Mandl, F.Porcelli Nuclear Fusion, 33, 1835(1993), JET-P(93)24