1. 1 Ubiquitous Computing Nov. 15, 2006 Ki-Joune Li

2. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 2 Cyber Space vs. Ubiquitous Space VS.

3. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 3 Ubiquitous Space vs. Internet Space Internet Space Real World user Gates to Dive into the Internet Space Virtual Reality

4. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 4 Ubiquitous Space vs. Internet Space Cyber Space Real World user Ubiquitous Space Augmented Reality Bridge to connect Cyber space and real world

5. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 5 Ubiquitous Space vs. Internet Space Human-Computer Interface Multimedia Interface 1 Computer : 1 Human Multimedia Interface 1 Computer : 1 Human Invisible Interface N Devices : 1 Human Invisible Interface N Devices : 1 Human System Architecture Client-Server or Centralized Architecture Client-Server or Centralized Architecture Massive Parallelism Internet Computing Ubiquitous Computing Reality Virtual Reality and Cyber Space Virtual Reality and Cyber Space Augmented Reality and Context Awareness Augmented Reality and Context Awareness Mobility Limited Mobility Mobility

6. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 6 Augmented Reality ?

7. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 7 Example of Augmented Reality Case 1: Multi-Projector [Bauhaus Institute]

8. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 8 Example of Augmented Reality Case 2: Surgery [INRIA] [Univ. Rochester]

9. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 9 Example of Augmented Reality Case 3: Pedestrian Information

10. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 10 Augmented Reality !

11. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 11 Requirements of Ubiquitous Computing Mobility Wireless Communication Context-Awareness Scalability Energy Efficiency Tiny Hardware

12. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 12 Architecture of Ubiquitous Computing Wireless Communication CDMA, WCDMA WiBro WLAN DMB MANET Middleware Applications Telematics, ITS Logistics Emergency Tourism Home Network Device Stationary Device Mobile Device Sensor Actuator

13. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 13 Communication Infrastructure Wireless Communication : Fundamental Requirement NOT Only ONE Communication : Convergence of Communication CDMA : Currently Available WiBro (Wireless Broadband) : Between CDMA and WLAN WLAN : High Speed, but Limited Area DMB : Broadcasting, One Way Communication MANET (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) : Without Network Infrastructure Bluetooth : High Speed, but Very Limited Area

14. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 14 Requirements Communication Infrastructure Mobility : WLAN (very limited), CDMA (>250 Km/h), WiBro (>60 Km/h ?) Bandwidth : Very Large Number of Messages due to Massive Parallelism WLAN (>1 Mbps), CDMA(  100Kbps), WiBro (  1Mbps) Bandwidth : Very Large Number of Messages due to Massive Parallelism WLAN (>1 Mbps), CDMA(  100Kbps), WiBro (  1Mbps) IPv6 and Ad-Hoc Network Cheap Price Security Coverage : WLAN (100m), CDMA (1~3Km), WiBro(1Km) Convergence Goal : To Cover the space with Broadband Mobile Wireless Communication Energy Consumption

15. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 15 But Not Like This !

16. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 16 Sensors and Devices Bridge between Real World and Cyber Space Size : From Smart Dust to PDA, Cellular Phone or PC Wireless communication with other sensors or devices is essential Sensor : Context-Awareness (Temperature, Light, Humidity, and POSITION ) Location-Awareness GPS, RFID, RTLS, etc.. Energy Consumption Problem

17. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 17 Context Awareness and Sensors

18. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 18 Should be processed in Real-Time Large Number of Nodes e.g. 1 Million Nodes → 1  sec/ node Scalability and Real-Time Constraint Central Server for Contextual Information Mobile Node Mobile Node Dynamic Updates of Position Context Request Mobile Node Mobile Node Mobile Node Mobile Node Mobile Node Mobile Node DB stationary and mobile nodes

19. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 19 Ubiquitous Computing Architecture Middleware Mobile Node Middleware Mobile Node Middleware 3-Tiers Architecture Server Middleware Client Massively Distributed Environment Binding Client and Server Binding Mobile Nodes

20. STEMPusan National University STEM-PNU 20 P2P or MANET