1. Bias and Information Earl Bailey March 2013

2. Video deLaplante, Kevin. Cognitive Biases: What they are and why they are important. Critical Thinker Academy. Found online 2013 at http://www.criticalthinkeracademy.com/012-cognitive- biases.htmlhttp://www.criticalthinkeracademy.com/012-cognitive- biases.html

3. Are We Biased? Asking another way – do we use simplifications and shortcuts to make decisions?

4. How do our brains work? Short answer – We don’t know. But: Neuropsychology indicates that different parts of the brain handle different tasks. Cognitive Science asserts that brains build structures to help process information.

5. The Firehose of Perception Overload!

6. Influences on Perception of Information Limited Capacity Group Dynamics Attention Heuristics/Cognitive Structures FOR MORE INFO... Solomon, “Distortions in Information Transfer”

7. Bounded Rationality Limits information choices Impacts system evaluation

8. Examples of Bias Self-Serving Selective Perception Halo Effect Contrast Effects Projection Stereotyping Overconfidence

9. More Examples of Bias Anchoring Confirmation Availability Escalation of Commitment Randomness Error Hindsight

10. Reducing Bias Focus on goals Look for contradictory information Accept coincidence Increase options