1. Assessment Brian Cole, Max Ames, Lyza Reichelt

2. Summative  Unit tests  end of chapters/sections/term/semester  District, State, National assessments

3. Formative  Provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve student achievement Practice, doesn’t affect grade, informal mini quizzes, tell me what you know, vocab outlines  Teacher hands on with student  Embedded with the lesson  Uses different levels of questioning  Information gathered from assessment is used to determine future of lesson

4. Outcomes  Green light  Yellow light  Red light  Assess yourself too

5. Alternative vs Standard 1) observation 2) essays 3) interviews 4) Performance tasks 5) exhibitions/ demonstration 6) portfolio 7) journals 8) rubrics 9) self & peer evaluation 1) aptitude tests: SAT, ACT as examples (indicator of future performance) 2) achievement tests: usually multiple choice, measures content-area knowledge (math, science, English, social studies) 3) high-stakes test: WKCE as an example

6. Beginning Test Bias

7. Essential questions Is there test bias against minorities in standardized testing? How do you identify test bias against minorities ? What are the effects of test bias against minorities ? How do you change bias against minorities in standardized testing?

8. Three Undesirable Characteristics in Testing: 1. Stereotyping is consistent representation of a given group in a particular light – which may be offensive to members of that group. Stereotyping does not lead to differential performance, except in extreme cases.

9. 2. Bias is defined as the presence of some characteristic of an item that results in differential performance for two individuals of the same ability but from different ethnic, sex, cultural or religious groups. 3. Offensiveness can obstruct the purpose of a test item, may produce negative feelings and affect attitudes toward testing – thus lowering test scores. Hambleton & Rogers

10. Types of bias  Gender Bias  Cultural Bias  Regional Bias  Ethnic/Racial Bias  Language Bias  Socio Economic Status (SES) Bias  Special Needs Bias

11. How do you identify bias? Content Bias -fair for all examinees Language Bias -Is the item free of group specific language, vocabulary, or reference pronouns Item Structure and Format Bias -Are there any flaws in the items to which members of DSI are differentially sensitive? Stereotyping of Minorities -Avoid material that is controversial, inflammatory, demeaning or offensive to members of DSI (designated subgroup of interest).

12. How do you change it  Time, money, and qualified people.  Have people double check your work Cheating Article

13. sources http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/schools/etc/guide.html http://www.learning-styles-online.com/overview/