1. Midterm Open-Ended Questions

2. Seven Elements of Culture 1.Social Organization 2.Arts and Literature 3.Customs and Traditions 4.Religion 5.Language 6.Forms of Government 7.Types of Economic Systems

3. Causes of cultural change Technology Changing environment Diffusion Trade Imperialism War Modernization

4. Goals of Modernization Political and economic policies developing nations developed to assist with the modernization process –Political stability –Economic diversity –Increased literacy/education and training –Improved services

5. Problems/Obstacles of Modernization Debt crisis Population explosion Poverty Urbanization Traditional way of life Lack of education Limited resources Political instability Conflict

6. Middle East: Traditional Patterns of Life Nomadic Village City

7. Basic Beliefs Shared by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam Monotheism Prophethood Golden Rule Old Testament Jerusalem Holy Judgment Day Heaven Prayer Fasting Charity Coming of Age Dietary Laws

8. Five Pillars of Islam Declaration of Faith Prayer Charity Fasting Pilgrimage

9. Strengths of the Ottoman Empire Control of trade Wealth from trade Superior technology from diffusion Flexible government

10. Ways the Europeans weakened the Ottomans Discovering an all water route to Asia Wealth from Americas Industrial Revolution Imperialism

11. Remaining Issues of the Arab- Israeli Conflict Status of Jerusalem Jewish settlements Palestinian Refugees Palestinian Statehood (borders) Terrorism Occupied Territories

12. Effects of African Slave Trade Loss of population African Diaspora Conflict with tribes Abolition Declined African traditional economy Loss of culture racism