1. (1) Makahiki+WattDepot: An Open Source Software Stack for Next Generation Energy Research and Education Philip M. Johnson, Yongwen Xu, Robert S. Brewer, Carleton A. Moore, George E. Lee, Andrea Connell, Collaborative Software Development Laboratory Dept of Information and Computer Sciences University of Hawai`i at Mānoa ICS4S 2013

2. (2) ourworld.unu.edu 90% of Hawaii energy come from imported oil Most oil-dependent state in the US

3. (3) By year 2030 30% energy efficiency 40% renewable energy ourworld.unu.edu

4. (4) Chelsea Hodge, 2010 Campus Sustainability Survey Collegiate Sustainability Competitions

5. (5) Kukui Cup Energy Challenge University of Hawaii at Manoa

6. (6) 3 weeks competition The Kukui Cup 2011 2 years software development

7. (7) BuildingMeters HTTP Makahiki Makahiki + WattDepot: IT Infrastructure for Energy Education and Research WattDepot

8. (8) “ Makahiki ” Name of the ancient Hawaiian festival where the people play games and celebrate the Hawaiian New Year.

9. (9) Makahiki: A Serious Game Engine for Sustainability

10. (10) Makahiki Architecture Game Library APIAPI APIAPI Green Button Data Wattdepot Data Manual Data Smartgrid game Water game Raffle game Raffle game Badge Quest Energy game Authentication Facebook Integration Game Analytics Game Analytics Resource Manager MemCache Database Responsive Web UI Topscore game Topscore game Participation Referral CAS LDAP Score Manager

11. (11) Configurable Game Elements

12. (12) Real-time Analytics for Game Evaluation

13. (13) Mobile support Laptop view Mobile view Responsive Web Design

14. (14) Deployable to the Cloud

15. (15) Configurable Resource

16. (16) WattDepot Enterprise-scale, sensor-based energy data collection and analysis

17. (17) Devices Meters WattDepot Sensors WattDepot Server Other WattDepot clients HTTP Makahiki WattDepot Architecture

18. (18) UHM’11 UHM’12 HPU’12 EWC’12 Experiences 4 instances, Total 2480 eligible players, Different configurations

19. (19) Results Player energy literacy increase Energy usage reduction Winning UH team: 64% participation, 9% energy drop Winning HPU team: 100% participation, 20% drop

20. (20) 2011 UH Survey

21. (21) 2011 UH Survey

22. (22) Future Directions Evaluate the other stakeholders’ experiences Build a community to expand content and game library Scale / expand to other geographical and cultural different locations

23. (23) You can use it too! WattDepot http://code.google.com/p/wattdepot rbrewer@hawaii.edu Makahiki http://github.com/csdl/makahiki yxu@hawaii.edu Open Source

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26. (26) Tailored for Different Configurations UHM’11UHM’12HPUEWC ResourceEnergy Energy & Water Duration3 weeks9 months3 weeks2 weeks Eligible players10861067198129 Learning actions 100(?)1443941 PrizesYes No Use WattdepotYes No Smart metersElectro- Industries eGaugeNo DeploymentLocalCloudLocalCloud

27. (27) 2011 Energy Literacy Results Significant (p <.10)

28. (28) Kukui Cup UH as Social Network 40 floors, 27 players/floor, 1000+ players

29. (29) What it means, in a nutshell Each arc is one roommate Green fill means playing Energy Goals achieved Total points achieved Grey lines are in-game social interactions Color indicates participation A circle of circles is a floor

30. (30) 28 days in 28 seconds

31. (31) Insight: Game mechanics winning team had highest participation, social interaction winning team had most energy goals Winning individual had high social interaction outside team