1. LAUNCHING THE NEW SHIP OF STATE

2. Growing Pains 1789 Population doubling every 25 yrs. 90% rural 5% east of Appalachians

3. THE FIRST ADMINISTRATION

4. GW (1789-1797) 1. “man of the people?” 2. Cabinet members?

7. Hamilton’s Controversial Fiscal Program 1. Tariffs of 1789: Focus - raise revenue for the gov’t, not protect Amer. Merchants 2. Hamilton’s Plan a. Assumption – i. feds repay states debt w/bonds ii. Est. credit for fed. Gov’t abroad b. Bank of the United States Managed by Treasury Dept. c. TJ argues unconstitutional expansion of power 3. Complete Success foreign investments and domestic capital increases

9. HBO’S HAMILTON V. TJ CLIP

10. Hamilton vs. TJ re: the Constitution Federalist Implied powers Anti-federalist Explicit powers

12. Foreign Policy (1793) aka “self interest” 1. French Rev. and war Between France and GB 2. What should the US do? 3. Feds: support GB; trade 4. Anti-feds: support Fr; less dependent on GB 5. GW says Neutrality! = Sell, sell, sell! &

13. Domestic Crisis (1794) 1. Whiskey Rebellion a. Excise tax? b. tax collectors harassed c. Three Rebels killed d. GW sends troops out to Pa; puts rebels down 2. Moral of story? a. don’t mess w/Fed govt => Tested powers of new fed gov’t and Feds win

14. Jay’s and Pinckney’s Treaties 1. Jay’s Treaty (1794) a. GB to leave by 1796 b. Pay damages for seizures of American ships c. GB to become most favored nation re: trade d. Pay debt to GB pre-Rev mostly by southerners e. Problems w/treaty i. France is salty ii. South/slaves f. “Executive privilege” precedent est.

15. Jay’s and Pinckney’s Treaties 2. Pinckney’s Treaty a. Southern boundary @31 parallel b. Ms. River open for US trade; Spain still controls the La. Territory Collectively, LTC of treaties? Sovereignty West of Appalachian Mts. And ports from Atlantic to Miss. Valley open.

16. I. GW Farewell Address doc

18. The Rise of Political Parties Election of 1796 Federalists President Dem.-Republicans V.P.

19. Adam’s X, Y, Z Affair 1. Relations between US and France worsen thanks to US support of Jay’s Treaty; French confiscate US vessels and cargo/$20M. 2. US Delegates turned away; French wanted bribes and loans 3. Adams releases messages with names of French officials as X, Y, and Z. 4. Adams stands his ground; builds a navy for defense 5. “Quasi-war” between the two on the Atlantic 6. Adams approval rating soars; by Anti-feds as well!

20. Alien & Sedition Acts (1798) 1. Limits free speech and liberties of foreigners 2. Naturalization Act increases residence requirements from 5 to 14 years 3. Sedition Act: fines/imprisonment for anyone convicted of speaking against gov’t 4. To be used against Republicans 5. Disagreement = treason

21. Alien & Sedition Acts (1798) 6. Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions a. states have fundamental rights that the federal gov’t cannot abridge (diminish) b. States can nullify federal laws that they judge to be unconstitutional c. Federalists believed since the people, not the states, wrote the constitution; therefore, the Supreme Court should be the only branch to deem laws unconstitutional

23. 1800 Election Results AdamsJefferson

25. The Jefferson Presidency 1800-1808 Out with the Feds in with the Democratic Republicans!

26. An Independent Judiciary Marbury vs. Madison 1. Judicial review – only supreme ct. determines if laws are constitutional 2. LTC/Impact? true checks and balances of the three branches

28. D. The Louisiana Purchase (1803) 1. By 1800, in Napoleon's control 2. What was he going to do with it? Supply Haiti 3. TJ’s concern? Access to Mississippi River and Port Orleans

29. 4. LTC/Impact of purchase a. US doubles in size – peacefully b. Expansion = liberty = increased enslavement c. Trouble w/natives 5. criticism? 6. Precedent?

30. T.J.’s Lewis and Clark

31. Burr/Hamilton Duel

32. Problem with Neutral Rights 1. GB and FR at war; both s eizes US ships a. GB seizes “Brits” w/naturalization papers Impressment 6,000 Americans taken in all b. Chesapeake: GB Open fires on her after refusing their demands of men claimed to be deserters; 3 US killed c. How is America feeling right now? d. Do we declare war?

34. B. The Embargo Act (1807) 1. American goods will not be exported! 2. Goal: “Peaceful Coercion” a. Recognize US neutrality b. deprive GB and Fr from raw materials 3. Backfires a. Exports drop by 80% b. Economic depression c. Smuggling increased d. Let’s talk session, baby! 4. Failed thus repealed 1809 a. Get supplies from Latin Amer b. Great crop year for GB c. smuggling 5. Non-intercourse Act: trade with countries other than GB and FR

35. #4: President Madison (1809-1817) Dem-Republican (responsible for writing constitution)

36. Br. Instigation of Indians British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh

37. Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811 Gen. Harrison governor of Indiana Territory Wants Natives land; 3M acres Tecumseh organizes confederation of Natives to fight “the Prophet,” Tecumseh’s brothers dies at Tippecanoe Tecumseh dies during war of 1812 at Thames Battle Harrison = Hero Election of 1840 “Tippecanoe & Tyler too!”

38. “War Hawks” Dem-Rep. Dem-Rep. Henry Clay [KY] John C. Calhoun [SC]

39. Presidential Election of 1812

40. “Mr. Madison’s War!”

41. American Problems 1. The US was unprepared militarily: a. Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britain’s 800 ships. b. Americans disliked a draft  preferred to enlist in the disorganized state militias. 2. Financially unprepared: a. Flood of paper $. b. Revenue from import tariffs declined. 3. Regional disagreements. Some wanted to wipe out Native American base in Canada = chants of “On to Canada!” Some wanted to wipe out Native American base in Canada = chants of “On to Canada!” Southerners looked to Florida. Southerners looked to Florida. We are starting to look bad if we cannot defend the Republic! We are starting to look bad if we cannot defend the Republic! S/NE/Feds = proBritish, no to Canada, supplied GB during war S/NE/Feds = proBritish, no to Canada, supplied GB during war S/W/Dem-Rep = proFrench and want war! S/W/Dem-Rep = proFrench and want war!

42. 1812: US DECLARES WAR ON GB! It’s on like Donkey Kong!

43. The War of 1812 “Second war of Independence”

44. Reasons for this war 1. Impressment 2. GB supporting natives 3. US Shipping rights restricted by GB 4. Expansion into NW territory 5. GB not recognizing US neutrality

45. The War Hawks 1. S. and W. congressmen who wanted war w/GB 2. North and middle states did not = sectionalism 3. US military small thanks to TJ! 4. GB uses blockade effectively; keeps US from trading with other countries esp. West Indies 5. D.C. burned to the ground 6. Francis Scott Key = Star- spangled Banner (Ft. McHenry)

47. Battle of New Orleans

48. Jackson Square, NOLA!

49. Treaty of Ghent, Belgium (Dec. 1814) 1. GB tired of fighting= compromises 2. GB to leave western posts 3. Impressment and neutrality rights never addressed! 4. US moral increased a. “We won, we won!” (BNO) b. “We are not your colony any longer!” 5. Divisive in Congress; unnecessary war; a draw 6. Biggest losers…

50. The Hartford Convention (Dec-Jan, 1815) 1. NE states meeting to discuss nullification due to war grievances 2. Secession on the table; no real threat 3. Supported GB/Federalists 4. War over before delegates reached Congress 5. They become the joke of the times!

51. LTC of War of 1812 New found respect worldwide for fighting. Sectionalism growing New Heroes: AJ & Harrison Economically, manufacturing grew

52. Diplomacy of JQ Adams (Sec. of State) a. Rush-Bagot Treaty 1818 (US/GB) - Great Lakes demilitarized