1. Overskrift her Navn på oplægsholder Navn på KU- enhed For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Department of Science Education Approaches to learning (and teaching and supervising) Aim of session: Understanding of how ones perception of learning can influence how one sees supervision

2. What is learning? Department of Science Education Sted og dato Dias 2 1.Individually: Reflect on what you mean by ‘learning’. When has someone learned something? (brainstorm 2-3 minutes) 2. Exchange your reflections in groups 3. Try to arrange your different conceptions of learning in a hierarchy with the most simple in the bottom and the most advanced at top.

3. Six conceptions of learning Students say that learning is … 1. A quantitative increase of knowledge 2. Memorising 3. The acquisition of facts and procedures for later use 4. The abstraction of meaning 5. An interpretative process for understanding reality 6. Changing as a person The outcomes of learning The processes of learning There are strong connections between a person’s conceptions of learning and the person’s choice of study strategies: The conceptions of learning co-determine the learning outcome!

4. Students focus their attention on the overall meaning or message in a class session, text or situation. They attempt to relate ideas together and construct their own meaning, possibly in relation to their own experience. Students focus their attention on the details and information in a class session or text. They are trying to memorise these individual details in the form they appear in the class or text or to list the features of the situation in order to pass the examinations. Surface approach Deep approach Surface vs. Deep approach towards learning

5. Constructivist learning Existing knowledge New information New phenomenon interpret modify New knowledge

6. Constructivism versus Transfer Department of Science Education Constructivism: learning is determined by the individual’s development, and the individual must him- or herself construct the knowledge - it cannot be transferred Activate the student – it is he or her that are going to do the work! don’t always tell the ‘solution’, what’s ‘right’ give time and space for the students’ own knowledge construction relate to earlier knowledge and give examples and metaphors