3. Did you know? Queen conchs are valued for both their edible meat and attractive shell. The conch fishery was once the second most valuable fishery in the greater Caribbean region, with an estimated 1992 harvest value of $30 million. Queen conch trade from many Caribbean countries is known or suspected to be unsustainable. Illegal harvest, including fishing of the species in foreign waters and subsequent illegal international trade, is a common and widespread problem in the region. The length of conch shells may decrease with age due to erosion of the shell. Shell thickness, however, increases with age, so much so that very old conch have significantly smaller body size than young conch.

7. The Queen Conch or Pink Conch (Strombus gigas, named by Linnaeus in 1758) is a gastropod, a soft-bodied type of mollusk that is protected by a very hard shell. This invertebrate (animal without a backbone) is found in warm shallow waters in grassbeds of the Caribbean Sea. Conchs are eaten by many animals, including rays and people. The beautiful shell is also collected by people; the shell is also used for jewelry and for conch trumpets. The Queen Conch is a relatively slow-growing animal. The shell: The Queen Conch has a large, spiral shell often lined in pink. The conch's mantle, a thin layer of tissue located between the body and the shell, creates the shell. The conch builds the hard shell from calcium carbonate that it extracts from the seas. The shell is up to 1 foot (30 cm) long. The lip of the shell is flared and there are spines to deter its many predators. Anatomy: The body is divided into the head, the visceral mass, and the foot (which is small). The conch has two pairs of tentacles on the head; it has a light-sensitive eyespot located on each of the larger tentacles. The smaller pair of tentacles is used for the sense of smell and the sense of touch. The small operculum (which is like a trap door) is located on the foot and looks a bit like (and works like) a claw. Young conchs can bury themselves in the sand when they are in danger. Diet: Conches eat grasses, algae, and floating organic debris. They eat using a radula, a rough tongue-like organ that has thousands of tiny denticles (tooth-like protrusions).

13. Conch as a Fishery Sustainability Status Biomass: Not available. NOAA Fisheries Service Southeast Fisheries Science Center attempted a stock assessment for queen conch in 2007, but data were not adequate to assess the species. Overfishing: Yes Overfished: Yes Fishing and habitat: Queen conch are primarily harvested by hand so there is little to no damage to habitat. Bycatch: Queen conch are primarily harvested by hand so the fishery is very selective and there is little to no bycatch. Aquaculture: Queen conch has been the subject of aquaculture efforts since wild populations began to decline in the 1970s.

21. Newly hatched 2-lobed Veliger4-days 4- lobed veliger 6- lobed veliger 8-10 days Ready to settle 21 days old veliger Newly metamorphosed conch 1.2 mm

36. A Good Day of Fishing