2. “Captains of Industry” Vanderbilt Rockefeller Carnegie Morgan.....or were they “Robber Barons”?

3. Cornelius Vanderbilt The “Self-Made Man”

5. John D. Rockefeller “The growth of a large business is merely the survival of the fittest.”

6. J.P. Morgan The Trust and the Holding Company Consolidating Corporate America

7. “J.P. Morgan” “John Rockefeller”

8. Andrew Carnegie The Gospel of Wealth

9. Frederick Winslow Taylor https://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=slfFJXVAepEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=slfFJXVAepE 4:45

12. Modern Times (1936) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pZlJ0vtUu4w http://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=MHdmaFJ6W6M Start at 1:40

13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0YGF5R9i53A I Love Lucy – Assembly Line

14. March 2015

15. Second Transportation Revolution The Car and the Plane (1903)

16. What’s in a Car? wheeled vehicles long before Henry Ford. Steam Cars (mid 1700s) Electric Cars (early 1800s) Hydrogen Cars (mid 1800s) In the mid 19 th century, Gas Cars

17. The Gas-Powered Car - 1885 - Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach invented what is often recognized as the prototype of the modern gas engine – internal combustible engine (patented in 1887). Daimler first built a two-wheeled vehicle the "Reitwagen" (Riding Carriage) with this engine and a year later built the world's first four- wheeled motor vehicle. 1886 - On January 29, German mechanical engineer Karl Benz received the first patent for a gas-fueled car. Benz designed and built the world's first practical automobile to be powered by an internal-combustion engine. 1889 - Daimler built an improved four-stroke engine with mushroom-shaped valves and two V-slant cylinders. The new Daimler automobile had a four- speed transmission and obtained speeds of 10 mph. 1890 - Wilhelm Maybach built the first four-cylinder, four-stroke engine. By the early 1900s, gasoline cars started to outsell all other types of motor vehicles.

18. Duryea brothers

19. The New Olds Ransom E. Olds Oldsmobile 1 st car that was produced on a large scale 1 st commercially successful car 1901 Oldsmobile sold 425 cars. 1905 sold over 5,000.

20. In 1896, Henry Ford completed his first vehicle that was powered by gasoline instead of steam like other cars of his time –This car was called the Quadricycle

21. On October 1, 1908, Ford introduced the Model T. –many innovations Steering wheel on the left High chassis, vanadium steel –Cost savings No windows, no heat Black paint The attraction of the Ford Model-T was that its price never increased. Price in 1928 was only $295. By 1929 Ford was producing more than one car per minute. http://www.history.com/topics/automobileshttp://www.history.com/topics/automobiles 3:15

23. Henry Ford http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PdmNbqtDdI

24.  Planned obsolescense  Variety

25. Effects “Multilayer effect” –Glass, steel, gas Demise of horse Status Freedom –Cocoon, sanctuary “private Walden Pond”

26. Like a Bird The trajectory toward modern-day flight started with started with UNPOWERED GLIDERS UNPOWERED GLIDERS There were a few men who figured prominently in these early experiments Otto LilenthalOtto Lilenthal German mechanical engineer,1848-1896German mechanical engineer,1848-1896 Octave ChauteOctave Chaute French civil engineer, 1832-1910French civil engineer, 1832-1910 Captain Ferdinand FerberCaptain Ferdinand Ferber French Army officer, 1862-1909French Army officer, 1862-1909 Wilbur and Orville WrightWilbur and Orville Wright American inventors, 1867-1912 & 1871-1948, respectivelyAmerican inventors, 1867-1912 & 1871-1948, respectively

27. The first time Wilbur and Orville started to call themselves "The Wright Brothers" was when they started their own printing firm at the ages of 22 and 18. Using a damaged tombstone and buggy parts, they built a press and printed odd jobs as well as their own newspaper. In 1892, the brothers bought bicycles. They began repairing bicycles for friends, then started their own repair business. They opened up a bicycle shop in 1893, and three years later, made their own bicycles While nursing Orville, who was sick with typhoid in 1896, Wilbur read about the death of a famous German glider pilot. The news led him to take an interest in flying.

28. The Wrights choose a glider as their starting point They began in July 1899 with an unmanned box kite Between 1900 and 1902, the brothers built three gliders—first flying them like a kite, then putting a man aboard

29. 1899 to 1905 – the Wright brothers researched aeronautics, starting with test runs with unmotored gliders; the Wright Brothers set out to fit their plane with an engine. They had their bicycle mechanic, Charles E. Taylor, build them a four-cylinder, 12-horsepower engine; eventually leading to the creation of the first practical airplane.

30. this is a picture of Orville piloting the ‘‘Wright flyer’’ 1 at Kill Devil Hill 17 th of December 1903 and is generally accepted as the first powered flight. Wilbur can be seen watching this historic flight. Two chain driven propellers can be seen connected to a small single engine. first to conduct a manned, controlled, steered, sustained, and powered heavier-than-air flight

31. December 17, 1903December 17, 1903 - Orville took the controls. –The Flyer rose into the air and stayed aloft for 12 seconds and traveled 120 feet! –Orville had made the first controlled, sustained, heavier- than-air human flight with a powered aircraft. –The brothers took turns piloting the Flyer for three more flights. –The final launch lasted 59 seconds, and traveled 852 feet. May 22, 1906May 22, 1906 - the Wrights received a patent for their invention. All successful airplanes since then have incorporated the basic design elements of the 1903 Wright Flyer.

32. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wfyvsp nko04 2:45https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wfyvsp nko04

33. AIRPLANES In the early 20 th century, brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright, experimented with engines and aircrafts They commissioned a four- cylinder internal combustion engine, chose a propeller, and built a biplane On December 17, 1903 they flew their plane for 12 seconds covering 120 feet Within two years the brothers were making 30 minute flights By 1920, the U.S. was using airmail flights regularly Actual photo of Wright Brother’s first flight 12/17/03

36. “the mother of trusts” The Problems of Monopoly Price Fixing Unstable economics Rise of Wealth

39. “This association of poverty with progress is the great enigma of our times.”

45. By 1902 exposing of evil became an industry among American publishers Aggressive ten- and fifteen-cent magazines –editors financed research and writing –reporters branded “muckrakers” by Roosevelt Targeted social evils—prostitution, slums, industrial accidents, subjugation of American blacks, and abuses of child labor The muckrakers are key to understanding progressive reform movement Muckrakers counted on publicity and an aroused public conscience –Heavy on lamentation, short on solutions –Cure for ills of American democracy was more democracy

49. Wages and Working Conditions Low Wages Long Hours Lack of safety

58. Taco Bell

63. Examples for Classwork –Combining information from The Jungle readings with an assembly-line template