1. Trench Warfare

2. What is trench warfare?

3. Military operations in which the opposing forces attack and counterattack from systems of fortified ditches rather than an open battlefield Strategy of defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches

4. Trench Diagrams

5. First Battle of the Marne French troops stop German advance Germans dig in and prepare to hold their ground Two massive systems of opposing trenches stretch for 400 miles across the western front

6. What was it like? “Men standing in slime for days and nights in field boots…lost all sense of feeling in their feet. These feet of theirs, so cold and wet, began to swell and then go ‘dead’ and then suddenly to burn as though touched by red hot pokers.” A picture of trench foot

7. “Nothing to see but bare mud walls, nowhere to sit but on a wet muddy ledge; no shelter of any kind against the weather except the clothes you are wearing; no exercise you can take in order to warm yourself.”

8. Trench Conditions Hopeless Bleak and uncomfortable Trenches ranged from simple holes to complex networks that were six to eight feet deep with rooms for sleeping and eating Cold, wet, and dirty Many health problems- disease spreads rapidly Wide enough for 2 people to pass Little shelter from the elements Boring- could only repair trenches at night under cover of darkness Attacks came before dawn –Soldiers “go over the top” and are mowed down by machine gun

9. Trench Warfare Drawing Take a piece of paper and fold it in half. On one half, draw trench warfare from the perspective of someone living in the trenches- what do the trenches look like? What is life like INSIDE the trenches? On the other half, draw trench warfare from the perspective of someone in an airplane… what does trench warfare look like from above? Include the trenches, as well as no man’s land, etc. This should be colored/shaded and should show your best effort- DUE TOMORROW!!!