1. Chapter 2: ACCUSATIVE Case

2. What IS a direct object? Direct objects are nouns that receive the action of the verb. It answers the question WHAT? Or WHOM? after the verb. The men love FOOTBALL. Men is the subject. Love is the verb. The men love WHAT? Football is the direct object.

3. Try this: The kicker kicked the field goal. The kicker kicked what? The direct object is field goal.

4. ID the direct objects. 1. Jojo had an operation. 2. We visited Pennsylvania. 3. Jim Bob plays the guitar. 4. Mary lost her car. 5. Why didn’t Nancy cook dinner? 6. Stupid people laugh at others.

5. Write in Latin. 1. The girls like the island.

6. Puellae insulam amant.

7. The girls carry water.

8. Aquam portant puellae.

9. The families like the land.

10. Amant familiae terram.

11. The girls like life.

12. Puellae amant vitam.

13. ADJECTIVES They agree with (match) the noun they modify in 3 ways: 1. case 2. gender 3. number

14. How they look in vocab list: Adjectives have 3 forms in the vocab list. The 1 st is masculine. The 2 nd is feminine. The 3 rd is neuter.

15. Case If the noun is nominative then so is the adjective. Via est dura. The road is hard. Puella est parva. The girl is small.

16. Number If noun is plural the adjective is too. Puellae sunt bonae. The girls are good. Viae sunt durae. The roads are hard.

17. Case The girls carry good water. Puellae portant aquam bonam. The good girls carry water. Puellae bonae portant aquam.

18. Translate each. 1. Vita est bona. 2. Fama est non bona. 3. Viae sunt durae. 4. Durae viae sunt. 5. Parvae puellae portant aquam. 6. Puellae aquam bonam portant. 7. Australia est magna insula. 8. Familiae sunt magnae.

19. Chapter 3 VERBS: There are action verbs like kick, climb, hit, eat, etc. These use a direct object. There are intransitive verbs like est and sunt that will never use a direct object. The verb to be uses a predicate nominative.

20. Verbs Verbs have tense: present, past and future. Verbs have number: singular & plural. Verbs have person: 1 st, 2 nd,3 rd.

21. VERB CHART Sgpl. »1 »2 »3

22. English pronouns Sg.Pl. I1 st we You2 nd you He3 rd they She it

23. Latin Sg.Pl. -o, -m = I-mus = we -s =you-tis = you -t = he,she,it-nt= they

24. Forming a verb 1. find the PRESENT STEM: Porto, portare--- drop –re and what’s left is the present stem. PORTA- is the stem

25. PRESENT STEM Amo, amare Stem: ama- Laboro, laborare Stem: labora-

26. WHO CARES? Latin scholars do because you must use the present stem to form the PRESENT TENSE of a Latin verb. Let’s conjugate (change the endings) amo in the present tense.

27. Present tense Sg. 1 st amo I love, I am loving, I do love 2 nd amas you love, you do love, you are loving 3 rd amat he loves, she loves, it loves »He is loving, she does like, it likes

28. Present tense Plural 1amamuswe love, we like 2amatisyou love, like 3amantthey love, like

29. Conjugate a verb. Conjugate laboro

30. Laboro-present tense LaboroI work Laboras you work Laborat he works Laboramuswe work Laboratisyou work Laborantthey work