1. ICOS, the 2012 vision Ecosystem Thematic Centre Central Cordination Office Carbon Portal (data centre) Council of Scientific Steering Institutions ICOS Central facilities Data Quality control Training Instrument upgrades Atmospheric Observation Network DataCalibration External QC Scientific Users, Carbon accounting, Operational users, Assessments, International programs, (WMO, GEOSS ) Global Observation Networks Fossil fuel emission inventories Biomass and soil carbon inventories Data from relevant research projects Data from US, Japan networks External Advisory Board Ocean Thematic Centre Ocean ships and stations Data Ecosystem Observation Network Central Analytical Laboratory Atmospheric Thematic Centre

2. The marine component of ICOS. The objective of ICOS is to provide observations of the budgets of greenhouse gases across Europe, in support of political decision-making. Should include observations of the sinks and sources of greenhouse gases in European marginal seas and in the North Atlantic. allows powerful constraints to be placed on “top- down” estimates of the adjacent land fluxes. Allows a check on Fossil fuel emissions for Europe by net budgeting?

3. What we need To decide if its a good idea If yes: – Commitments to work towards national funding – Specifications of the measurements to be made – Role, potential hosts of the marine data centre

4. Example specs SST, to 0.1 °C pCO 2, to 1 µatm atmospheric CO 2 to 0.5 ppm? 0.1 ppm? O 2 to < 1% Chl fluor, nutrients Other greenhouse gases (CH 4, N 2 O?)

5. Ocean thematic centre The data centre co-ordinates the data from the individual members, produces estimates of the flux over large regions. (Individual members quality control their own data.) Also: provide technical expertise, quality control of measurement systems, co-ordinate calibration of systems.

6. Shelf and marginal seas? Contributory mooring stations: Ocean Station M (Norway) Dyfamed (Mediterranean Sea (43N, 7.9 E) : France) Plymouth Western English Channel observing station Contributory instrumented shipping routes: North Sea / Baltic Sea: Portsmouth – Bilbao Luebeck – Helsinki

7. N Atlantic VOS routes? Denmark - W. Greenland Liverpool - Halifax UK- Caribbean UK- Canary Islands – Capetown Hamburg – New York Iceland – Newfoundland France – French Guiana France-Brazil