1. The Catholic Counter-Reformation

2. Lead Up and Background
R.C.C. response to growing reform movement throughout central and western Europe
R.C.C. really tried to “win” people back from reformers

3. Think of this… The Catholic Church wanted to atone for it’s
Society of Jesus or Jesuits (missionaries)
Inquisition (Church court to punish Protestant heretics)
No more indulgences
Stop the spread of Protestantism:

4. Council of Trent ( )
Many Catholics did want to reform the church however they were fearful it would reduce the power of the church
Pope Paul III brought church leaders together in Trent to resolve some of the questions du jour

6. Council of Trent continued
Pope was aided by Jesuits
Session met over three periods of time
REJECTED ALL compromise with Protestants
Affirmed the 7 sacraments, good works, papal authority
Back on the offensive against spreading Protestantism

7. Results of Council of Trent
NO to predestination
Rejected justification by faith alone
Bible still important, but still required Church’s authority to infer meaning
Better education and training of clergy

8. Society of Jesus or Jesuits (missionaries)
Founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1540
Spaniard, who studied in Jerusalem, wished to reform the church through education
He created new Catholic schools throughout the world to convert people
Helped to alleviate the further spread of Protestantism in Europe and beyond

9. Inquisition Root out heretics throughout Europe (Spain especially)
Brought before a tribunal, often gruesomely tortured
Think of Copernicus and later Galileo

10. No more indulgences
The selling of indulgences ceased as did the practice of simony

11. Stop the spread of Protestantism
Peace of Augsburg in 1555
Set aside Catholic Europe and Lutheran Europe
Officially recognized the Lutheran church and allowed Protestant princes to pick the religion of their subjects

12. Stop the spread of Protestantism continued
Edict of Nantes in 1598 (France)
Granted the Calvinists of France substantial rights despite being a Catholic country (Huguenots)
Secularism and tolerance in France
Peace of Westphalia in 1648
Ended 30 years of war between Catholics and Protestants (30 Years’ War)
Set boundaries between Catholic and Protestant countries