1. IPMIST Innovative Approaches to the Challenges of e-Learning in Agriculture ZuoRui Shen The IPMist Lab China Agricultural University Tel: 8610-62893015, Fax: 8610-62893214 E-mail: ipmist@cau.edu.cn or zrshen@public.bta.net.cn URL: http://www.ipmist.org (En) APAN Meeting, Fukuoka, Japan, 22-24 January 2003 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org

2. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org “ Distance Learning in Agriculture: Chinese Strategy for Rural Education ” “ Distance Learning in Agriculture: Chinese Strategy for Rural Education ” APAN Shanghai Meeting, August 26-28, 2002 APAN Shanghai Meeting, August 26-28, 2002 l a four-vehicle system of e-learning in agriculture were forming in China. CAST – Central Agricul. Broadcast & Televion Schools EDUC – higher education Institutions SORG –socialorganzns PCOM –privatecorps 1. Introduction

3. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org CAST EDUC SORG PCOM e-Learning Cross-organizational and international cooperation (COINCO) to forge innovative approaches to the challenge of e-learning market APAN APRTC

4. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org Qingdao Lahsa Ulumuqi The COINCO approach to e-learning should create new paradigms to promote the transfer of agriculture and rural society from planned economy to marketing economy.

5. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org Now China ’ s governments, from the central to locals, are turning their role from direct intervention in economic activities with a planning brain to guiding macro- economy with a brain to learn the market regulations. Now China ’ s governments, from the central to locals, are turning their role from direct intervention in economic activities with a planning brain to guiding macro- economy with a brain to learn the market regulations. l They are responsible for the Internet infrastructure development and management to facilitate the market leverage. And technical and administrative policy will be ensured in utilizing the Internet infrastructure and management systems.

6. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org l The first challenge would be under-profitability for the e-learning providers, because farmers or rural people for whom the e-learning aims to serve almost belong to population of low income or even in poverty. But, the e-learning should be justified as a profitable tool for farmers, just like what was showed by our “ crop protection getting digital ” project or many projects reported by other authors. But, the e-learning should be justified as a profitable tool for farmers, just like what was showed by our “ crop protection getting digital ” project or many projects reported by other authors. 2. Innovation in Technologies

7. IPMIST My native place, a remote mountainous, small villege: waiting for three-network combined IT service 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术实验室 IPMist’s web site ： http://www.ipmist.org l The second challenge is under-equipped infrastructure for Internet applications in vast areas of rural communities.

8. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org l The third challenge results from complexity and diversity of agricultural knowledge, including crop varieties, farming techniques, pest and nutrition management, naturally dependent on geographical, pedological, meteorological, ecological, environmental, and seasonal factors, also socially dependent on political, cultural, and anthropological factors. l So, distributed databases and knowledge management systems should be developed intensively.

9. IPMIST Automatic identification On-line group diagnosis Assisted identification successful ？ Yes Yes No No New knowledge and information 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMIST ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org User Remote diagnosis project Cyber-Insect-Musium project

10. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org l Connected to Internet at www.crdenet.net.c n, CABT is a well- organized network of five levels, from central and provincial schools to regional, county and rural district schools. www.crdenet.net.c n www.crdenet.net.c n 3. Innovation in Organizations

11. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org l It has more than 3.5 million of students enrolled in agricultural disciplines at meddle level, and many of them benefit from training courses and are conferred only with certificates to show their skills useful for agricultural practice. l In fact, CABT already is a member of the International Council of Opening and Distance Education (ICODE).

12. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org l Now it is right time to establish a cross- organizational and international cooperation between CABT, EDUC, SORG, PCOM, and APAN.

13. IPMIST 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org l We are thinking about how APAN-demonstrated technologies and APAN-coherent organizations should contribute to this international cooperation. l APAN/NR-JIRCAS l APAN/NR-ED

14. IPMIST l Beijing- FarmKnow IDRC PAN ICT Grants Programme http://www.farmknow.com 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术实验室 IPMist’s web site ： http://www.ipmist.org l InfoCounty, Qingdao, Shangdong “all-round ICT service” for SA&RD “all-round ICT service” for SA&RD

15. IPMIST Thank you! 中国农业大学植保生态智能系统技术（ IPMist ）实验室 网址： http://www.ipmist.org