1. THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT (1954-1969)

2. DEFINITION The Civil Rights Movement was – Many separate groups
Grassroots effort
Different leaders
Different strategies
Common Goal – Securing two things:
1. End of Segregation
2. Voting Rights

3. GOALS OF CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

4. GROUP ONE: NAACP FACTS: Oldest organization (1909) W.E.B. Dubois
Interracial
Educated, middle and upper-class
GOAL:
achievement of legal equality for all races
STRATEGY:
Lobbying legislatures for new laws
Brought lawsuits to challenge segregation laws in areas of housing and education

5. NAACP

6. GROUP TWO: NATIONAL URBAN LEAGUE
FACTS:
1911
Major American cities
Primarily northern
GOAL:
Assist blacks moving to major cities with homes, jobs, fair treatment
STRATEGY:
Inspected apartments
Pressured factory owners and union leaders to teach skills

7. GROUP THREE: CORE FACTS: 1942 Interracial Founded by pacifists
James Farmer
GOAL:
Change through peaceful confrontation
STRATEGIES:
Organized Demonstrations against segregation in major cities including Baltimore, Chicago, Denver, Detroit
Became a major organization, especially in the North as the movement developed in 1950s

8. GROUP FOUR: SCLC FACTS: 1957 MLKing, Jr. and other black clergymen
Result of the successful bus boycott
Southern, black, church based
GOALS:
End Jim Crow (segregation by law) in the South
STRATEGY:
Non-violent Protest
Passive Resistance
Influence of Gandhi – leader of India’s struggle for independence from GB
Will become the lead group and strategy until 1968

9. SCLC

10. GROUP FIVE: SNCC FACTS: 1960 STRATEGIES:
Robert Moses - leader
Student organized and led
Response to feelings that NAACP and SCLC weren’t keeping up with demands of youth
Interracial (at first)
GOALS:
Fight for end of segregation, especially in the South
STRATEGIES:
Permanent and separate from the other organizations
Non-violent, passive
Want more immediate change
Shift focus from churches

11. Types of Protest

12. SUMMARY What were the goals of the civil rights movement?
What was the main strategy of the movement during the 50s and early 60s?
Who was involved in the civil rights movement?

13. Practice Question
In your own words, please explain why there were so many organizations dedicated to the Civil Rights Movement.