1. ® IPv6 in a Network Processor Based Router John Du Scott Hahn Intel Corporation

2. ® 2 Agenda  What is IPv6?  Network Processors  NPF APIs and ForCES Protocol  Putting it all together

3. ® 3 What is IPv6?  IPv6 is the next-generation Internet protocol –Standardized by the IETF  Designed to provide inexhaustible addresses –32 bit addresses for IPv4 –128 bit addresses for IPv6  Greatly enhanced auto configuration capabilities  Provides better solutions for –Peer to Peer applications –Mobility –Security

4. ® 4 Drivers Behind IPv6  Address shortage, especially in Asia –Governments mandate a move to IPv6  IP Services in Wireless Networks –Mobile Phones, Handhelds  More IP enabled devices in Home –CE Devices, Always ON Devices, New Services

5. ® 5 IPv6 is Happening!  Major Operating Systems support IPv6 today  Governmental and Organizational Mandates  Network Equipment Manufacturers seeing increasing demand for IPv6 support

6. ® 6 IPv6 Standards  Core IPv6 specifications are well-tested & stable –IPv6 base spec, ICMPv6, Neighbor Discovery, PMTU Discovery,...  Other important specs are further behind on the standards track, but in good shape –mobile IPv6, header compression,...  Some IPv6 related standards still being refined –Methods for address prefix delegation, flow label usage, DNS server discovery

7. ® 7 Agenda  What is IPv6?  Network Processors  NPF APIs and ForCES Protocol  Putting it all together

8. ® 8 Data Plane (DP) Wire speed packet processing NPUs:Programmability for new services Control Plane (CP) Executes Routing Protocol, stacks, etc. Standardized APIs to program Data Plane HW (PHY, MAC, NPE, SAR, etc.) SW (Protocols, Apps, OS) Modular Network Equipment Interconnect Protocol Scalable, extensible, interoperable CP to DP interconnect model Traditional Design

9. ® 9 Data Plane Wire speed packet processing NPUs:Programmability for new services Control Plane Executes Routing Protocol, stacks, etc. Standardized APIs to program Data Plane Network Processors  Special Microprocessors for Packet Processing and Forwarding  Replace ASIC based Data Plane with Highly Programmable Data Plane  Easy to add New Functionality  Update Software; Not Hardware Interconnect Protocol

10. ® 10 Packet Processing  Each Logical Function Block (LFB) performs a well-defined function  Chained together to perform various operations Receive Block Layer 3 Forwarding Block Transmit Block Metering & Marking Block

11. ® 11 IPv6 Packet Processing  IPv6 Forwarding Logical Function Block –Forwards IPv6 Packets –Routing and some ICMP Packets to Control Plane Receive Block IPv4 Forwarding Block Transmit Block IPv6 Forwarding Block

12. ® 12 IPv4/IPv6 Interoperability LFB Receive Block IPv4 Forwarding Block Transmit Block IPv6 Forwarding Block IPv4/IPv6 Interoperability Block  Encapsulate/Decapsulate IPv6 in IPv4  Supports the following IPv6 Transition mechanisms – Automatic Tunneling – Configured Tunneling – 6to4 Transition Mech

13. ® 13 Agenda  What is IPv6?  Network Processors  NPF APIs and ForCES Protocol  Putting it all together

14. ® 14 Data Plane Wire speed packet processing NPUs:Programmability for new services Control Plane Executes Routing Protocol, stacks, etc. Standardized APIs to program Data Plane Standard Interfaces Interconnect Protocol NPF APIs IETF ForCES NPF: Network Processing Forum ForCES: Forwarding and Control Element Separation

15. ® 15 Network Processing Forum  Industry-wide forum, 90+ members  Encourages the growth and effective use of network processing technology (switch fabrics, NPUs, co- processors) through –Specifications –Benchmarking –Interoperability –Education  NPF Software APIs –Software API Framework and Foundations –IPv4 Forwarding and ARP –Interface Configuration –Packet Handler API –Functional APIs

16. ® 16 NPF IPv6 Specific APIs  New APIs –IPv6 Forwarding Table API –IPv6 Neighbor Cache API –IPv6/IPv4 Transition Mechanisms API  Extensions to Existing APIs –Interface Configuration API –Functional API  Current Status –IPv6 study group formed (June 2002) –Charter and initial deliverables being defined

17. ® 17 Advantages of Standards  Independent Software Development from Hardware  Network Software Portable across a wide variety of hardware  Interoperability -> Vendor Independence  Easy development of New Services  Modularity -> Better Maintainability

18. ® 18 Agenda  What is IPv6?  Network Processors  NPF APIs and ForCES Protocol  Putting it all together

19. ® 19 Control Plane ForCES Component NPF API Component (Including IPv6 APIs) Data Plane Packet Processing Components (Incl. IPv6 LFBs) IPv6 Routing StackConfig. & Mgmt. Appl. Putting it all together Forwarding Plane Module

20. ® 20 Summary  IPv6 enables continued growth of the Internet  IPv6 and IPv4 will need to co-exist  Network processors make it easy to track evolving standards

21. ® 21 Thank You

22. ® 22 Acronyms  CP – Control Plane  CE – Control Element  NE – Network Equipment  FP – Forwarding Plane  FE – Forwarding Element  DP – Data Plane  NPF – Network Processing Forum  IETF – Internet Engineering Task Force

23. ® 23 Acronyms  ForCES – Forwarding and Control Element Separation  IPv4 – Internet Protocol Version 4  IPv6 – Internet Protocol Version 6  PDK – Platform Development Kit  API – Application Programming Interface  LFB – Logical Function Block

24. ® 24 Resources  NP Forum –www.npforum.org www.npforum.org  IETF Working Groups –http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ipv6-charter.html http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ipv6-charter.html –http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ngtrans-charter.html http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ngtrans-charter.html  IPv6 Forum –http://www.ipv6forum.com http://www.ipv6forum.com

25. ® 25 Backup

26. ® 26 IPv6 Implementations  Linux 2.2  Sun Solaris* 2.8  HP-UX 11i  KAME, INRIA for BSD  Windows* XP  Nortel* BayRS  Cisco* IOS 12.2  Juniper* JUNOS 5.1  VxWorks* WindNet IPv6 *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.

27. ® 27 NPF Operations NPF Services APIs NPF Functional APIs Classification API Traffic Mgmt API This Area Not Defined by NPF IPv4 API This Area Not Defined by NPF Applications OSPF, RIPCOPS, CLI, SNMPOther Applications Control Plane Application Space Interconnect ForCES or proprietary messaging System Abstraction Layer Element Abstraction Layer Packet Handler API Interfaces API MPLS API Diffserv API APIs Network Processing Elements NPF Software Model

28. ® 28 ForCES Protocol  ForCES: Forwarding and Control Element Separation  IETF Working Group  Protocol for communication between Control Element (CE) and Forwarding Elements (FE)  Data model supporting logical functions Network Equipment ControlElement Forwarding Element 1 Forwarding Element 2 ForCES Protocol

29. ® 29 The transition to IPv6  IPv6 islands emerge at the edge IPv4 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv4/IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6  Core becomes dual stack  IPv6 dominance with some IPv4 legacy

30. ® 30 IPv4/IPv6 Transition: Dual-stack techniques  IPv4 and IPv6 co-exist in the same device –Use IPv4 to communicate with IPv4 devices –Use IPv6 to communicate with IPv6 devices IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4/IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv4 Packet IPv6 Packet

31. ® 31 IPv4/IPv6 Transition: Tunneling techniques  Enable IPv6 devices to communicate across IPv4 networks –IPv6 packet encapsulated in an IPv4 packet IPv4 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 TunnelGateway TunnelGateway

32. ® 32 IPv4/IPv6 Transition: Translation techniques  Allow IPv6 devices to communicate with IPv4- only devices IPv4 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 Translationdevice

33. ® 33 Drivers of IPv6 Transitions Enterprise Geographically influenced Geographically influenced Residential Broadband Always on  new uses/services//devices Always on  new uses/services//devices High speeds  new home networks High speeds  new home networks Network enabled CE devices Network enabled CE devices Mobile & Wireless New offer multimedia data servicesNew offer multimedia data services Explosion of new IP-addressable handheld devicesExplosion of new IP-addressable handheld devices IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 Emerging Markets New networks/new users New networks/new users IPv6

34. ® 34 Transitions by Geography JapanAsia  Most address- constrained  Proactive IPv6 government policies  Coordinated EU Commission policy  Strong momentum for data over wireless  Lots of addresses  Lots of deployed infrastructure  But, Microsoft… 2003 - 2004 Europe 2004 - 2005 NorthAmerica 2005 - 2006