1. Brain

2. Major parts of brain
Brain stem – continuous with spinal cord; controls heart rate, breathing, reflexes: vomiting, coughing, swallowing, hiccupping, sneezing, tracking, startling; includes:
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

3. 2. cerebellum: regulates posture and balance.

4. 3. thalamus – connects brainstem to cerebrum
4. hypothalamus –major regulator of homeostasis (monitor glucose levels, hunger/thirst, control of body temp, sleep patterns, drives/emotions)

6. 5. cerebrum
“seat of intelligence”; speech, memory, logical and emotional response, interpretation of sensation, voluntary movements
Lobes: parietal, temporal, frontal, occipital

9. Protection of the brain
1. Cranium
2. Meninges: dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

10. 3. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) – tight junctions of brain capillary cells preventing permeability of many substances (lipid soluble substances – O2, CO2, alcohols can cross)

11. 4. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): shock-absorbing medium and allows exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and nervous tissue

12. What are the parts of the brainstem?
Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain
Diencephalon, pons, cerebellum
Thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
Pineal body, pituitary gland, cerebral aqueduct

13. What is the overall function of the brainstem?
Processing/interpreting information
Timing of skeletal muscles/coordination
Producing CSF
Controlling vital signs

14. What is the order of meninges from CLOSEST to the brain to the skull (from deep to superficial)?
Arachnoid mater, pia mater, dura mater
Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater

15. What is the overall function of the cerebrum?
Processing/interpreting information
Timing of skeletal muscles/coordination
Producing CSF
Controlling vital signs