1. September 16, 2011 Bellringer: Write a poem about a rock or mineral

2. Objectives and Agenda Objective: Determine how to identify a mineral by using physical characteristic tests Agenda Mineral video Mineral Notes Lab 8: Minerals

4. Minerals

5. What are minerals?  Naturally occurring, solid substances that are inorganic (not made from a living organism)

6. What are minerals made of? Some are made of pure elements ( gold, diamonds, graphite) Some have chemical formulas ( calcite CaCO3) Some are mixtures –no exact ratio ( feldspar, composed of potassium, calcium, and or sodium)

7. Rock- Forming Minerals Minerals make up rocks Only a few minerals are found in most rocks. Most minerals are mostly composed of oxygen and silicon

8. Observable characteristics Color Luster –Metallic or non-metallic Crystal Structure

9. Testable characteristics Streak Hardness Cleavage and Fracture

10. Mineral Structure  basic unit is in the form of a tetrahedron, composed of four atoms of oxygen and one atom of silicon.  This unit can combine with itself or with other elements to form different minerals. These can be chains or sheets.  These different structures account for the differences in the physical properties of minerals.