1. People, Productivity and Performance

2. Productivity: What is it? A measurement of a firms performance. How do we increase productivity? Increase investment in modern equipment Improve the ability level of those at work Improve employee motivation. Motivation matters.

3. Motivation Maslow and the hierarchy of needs What did he say? 1. Everyone has the same needs. 2. At the base of the hierarchy are physical needs which are food shelter and warmth. When these are unsatisfied then these will be the persons primary motivations.

4. 3. Once they have achieved these physical needs they move on and try to achieve safety needs: safety and security.

5. Maslow’s levels of human needBusiness Implication Physical needs e.g. food shelter and warmth Pay levels and working conditions Safety Needs e.g. security, a safe structured environment, freedom from anxiety Job security, clear job role Social needs : belonging friendship, contact Team working, communications and social facilities Esteem needs e.g. strength, self respect, confidence, status and recognition Status, recognition for achievement, power and trust Self actualisation: self fulfilmentDevelop new skills and to develop ones full potential.

6. Herzberg's Two Factor Theory The theory is taken from 1950’s work into factors affecting a workers job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. In summary Motivators have the power to create positive job satisfaction but little downward potential. Hygiene factors will cause job dissatisfaction unless they are provided for, but do not motivate. Pay is a hygiene factor not a motivator.

7. Motivators can create positive satisfaction Hygiene factors ( can create job dissatisfaction AchievementCompany policy and admin ( the rules, paperwork and red tape) Recognition for achievementSupervision Meaningful interesting workPay ResponsibilityInterpersonal relations AdvancementWorking conditions

8. Herzberg advised against piece rate because a worker might become inflexible and resistant to change. A salaried employee would work hard and care about quality. He advised Job enrichment :

9. Job Enrichment A complete unit of work: people need a fulfilling task. Direct Feedback: people like direct feedback Direct communication: over delays of going through other people.