1. Unit 2

2. Unit 2 - Matter Classify a sample as homogeneous or heterogeneous Classify a sample of matter as a pure substance or mixture based on the number of elements or compounds in the sample. Explain how a solution, a colloid, or a suspension are different. Classify a substance as an element or compound using its chemical formula. Classify a sample as homogeneous or heterogeneous based on uniformity of material. CAN YOU?

3. Matter is what makes up everything in our universe. quantifying When we determine the mass of something, we are quantifying the amount of matter.

4. SolidLiquid Gas Matter can be found in 3 states or phases ( Solid, Liquid and Gas ) ATOM The smallest unit of Matter is the ATOM !!!

5. combined compound. When two or more atoms are combined in a certain way, the result is a compound. atom Element  atom molecule Compound  molecule pure substances Elements and compounds are both classified as pure substances

6. fixed composition Pure Substance: has a fixed composition ; Either an element or a compound identical 1) Element: Matter composed of identical atoms fixed 2) Compound: Matter composed of 2 or more elements; elements are combined in a fixed ratio

7. Properties of compounds are different from the separate elements Ex. NaCl

8. combination Physical combination s of 2 or more pure substances. The substances are simply mixed together; They ARE NOT chemically combined mix salt and pepper Ex. – mix salt and pepper

9. distinguished Combination of substances in which different materials can be easily distinguished. GraniteSalad Ex. GraniteSalad Two Types Suspension Colloid

10. settle Heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle. Vinaigrette dressing muddy water Ex. Vinaigrette dressing muddy water

11. settle out Heterogeneous mixture of medium sized particles, but not heavy enough to settle out. Milk paint Ex. Milk paint

12. Uniform Uniform combination of substances evenly Blended evenly throughout solutions Also called solutions

13. small Very small components will never settle Particles are so small they will never settle. Kool-aidCoffee Ex. Kool-aidCoffee

14. MATTER Homogeneous Mixture (solution) Heterogeneous Mixture (colloid or suspension) Compound (Molecules) Element (Identical atoms) MIXTUREPURE SUBSTANCE Can it be separated by physical means? yesno Can it be seperated by a chemical reaction? noyes Is the composition uniform? noyes

15. without identity Physical Properties : characteristics of a material that can be determined without changing the identity of the material Ex. color, shape, size, density, melting point, boiling point, flexibility

16. chemical changes Chemical Properties : characteristics of a substance that indicate whether it can undergo certain chemical changes Ex. flammability, reaction to light

17. physical Physical Changes : changing only physical properties Ex. changing size (crushing, breaking, cracking.) changing size (crushing, breaking, cracking.) changing shape changing shape changing state (boiling, melting, freezing, condensing.) changing state (boiling, melting, freezing, condensing.)

18. different properties Chemical Changes : change of one substance to a different substance with different properties Rotting, burning, cooking, forming bubbles or solids in a liquid, rusting Ex. Rotting, burning, cooking, forming bubbles or solids in a liquid, rusting

19. Identify the following as a physical changes or chemical change. 1) Baking soda and vinegar produce CO 2, H 2 O, and sodium acetate 2) A burning candle 3) Melting wax 4) Boiling water 5) An antacid dissolves in water and produces gases 6) Add Kool-Aid powder to water

20. created destroyedconserved Law of Conservation of Mass : In any physical or chemical change, matter is neither created nor destroyed ; It is conserved

21. produced Ex: A log burns; the matter left behind or produced is ash, gases, and smoke. The mass of all of these products equals the mass of the log.

24. physical - Separation in general is done based on physical properties. - Investigate properties of the material to determine a separation method.

25. IronCobalt Nickel - Fe ( Iron ), Co ( Cobalt ), and Ni ( Nickel ) are the only three naturally magnetic elements magnet - These can be separated from a mixture using a magnet

27. solidliquid - Way to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid filter paper - Use filter paper to trap the solid

29. liquids boiling points - Way to separate liquids based on differences in boiling points

31. dissolved solid - Way to separate a solution – ie. separating a dissolved solid from water evaporating dish crystal - Heat the solution, often in an evaporating dish ; the water evaporates to steam and the solid is left as a crystal

33. - Way to separate a solid from a liquid spin supernatant - Use a centrifuge to spin the sample – the solid (precipitate) goes to the bottom and the liquid left on top is called the supernatant

36. surface - Separates components on ability/speed in travelling across a surface paper - The surface could be paper, gel, or some other medium