1. By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua, NY

2. PeriodizationPeriodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500

3. Europe in the 6c

4. The Medieval Catholic Church  filled the power vacuum left from the collapse of the classical world.  monasticism:  St. Benedict – Benedictine Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience.  provided schools for the children of the upper class.  inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war.  libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts.  monks  missionaries to the barbarians. [St. Patrick, St. Boniface]

5. The Power of the Medieval Church  bishops and abbots played a large part in the feudal system.  the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in Western Europe.  tried to curb feudal warfare  only 40 days a year for combat.  curb heresies  crusades; Inquisition  tithe  1/10 tax on your assets given to the church.  Peter’s Pence  1 penny per person [paid by the peasants].

6. Romanesque Architectural Style e Rounded Arches. e Barrel vaults. e Thick walls. e Darker, simplistic interiors. e Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.

7. Charlemagne: 742 to 814

8. Charlemagne’s Empire

9. Pope Crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800

10. The Carolingian Renaissance

11. The Rise of European Monarchies: England

12. Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses: Treaty of Verdun, 843

13. FeudalismFeudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service.

14. Carcassonne: A Medieval Castle

15. Parts of a Medieval Castle

16. The Road to Knighthood KNIGHT SQUIRE PAGE

17. Chivalry: A Code of Honor and Behavior

18. The Medieval Manor

19. Life on the Medieval Manor Serfs at work

21. William the Conqueror: Battle of Hastings, 1066 (Bayeaux Tapestry)

22. Evolution of England’s Political System  Henry I:  William’s son.  set up a court system.  Exchequer  dept. of royal finances.  Henry II:  established the principle of common law throughout the kingdom.  grand jury.  trial by jury.

23. Magna Carta, 1215  King John I   Runnymeade  “Great Charter”  monarchs were not above the law.  kings had to consult a council of advisors.  kings could not tax arbitrarily.

24. The Beginnings of the British Parliament  Great Council:  middle class merchants, townspeople [burgesses in Eng., bourgeoisie in Fr., burghers in Ger.] were added at the end of the 13c.  eventually called Parliament.  by 1400, two chambers evolved: o House of Lords  nobles & clergy. o House of Commons  knights and burgesses.

25. The Rise of European Monarchies: France

26. Gothic Architectural Style e Pointed arches. e High, narrow vaults. e Thinner walls. e Flying buttresses. e Elaborate, ornate, airier interiors. e Stained-glass windows. “Flying” Buttresses

27. Pope Urban II: Preaching a Crusade

28. Setting Out on Crusade

29. Christian Crusades: East and West

30. Oxford University

31. Late Medieval Town Dwellings

32. Medieval Trade

33. Medieval Guilds Guild Hall   Commercial Monopoly:  C ontrolled membership apprentice  journeyman  master craftsman  Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece].  Controlled prices

34. Medieval Guilds: A Goldsmith’s Shop

35. Crest of a Cooper’s Guild

36. The West vs. Islamic Civ. West flourishing while Islam fragmentingWest flourishing while Islam fragmenting West lack of Empire vs. Islam’s imperial ideal, though similar localizationWest lack of Empire vs. Islam’s imperial ideal, though similar localization Islam more technologically sophisticatedIslam more technologically sophisticated Both developed active commercial systems with a merchant classBoth developed active commercial systems with a merchant class Both used religion as a means to carry civilization to new areasBoth used religion as a means to carry civilization to new areas