1. Capturing Clean Cellulose Lyle Stephens John Deere Technology Innovation Center

2. State of the Art –Harvesting systems –Performance Issues

3. A Brief History Deere developed the “Biomass Converter” in the 1970s. Used the energy in corn cobs to dry the grain Produced syngas for heat and engine fuel.

6. Status Report The industry has developed a large number of harvesting technologies.

7. One Pass

9. Two Pass

11. Willow

12. Miscanthus

13. Forest Slash

15. Sponsored Harvest Research DOE – Iowa State University Cargill-Dow (now NatureWorks) John Deere Harvester Works John Deere Ottumwa Works John Deere Technology Center – Moline University of Wisconsin – Madison University of Kentucky

16. Generate and Evaluate Concepts One Pass – One Stream One Pass – Two Streams One Pass – Three Streams

17. One Pass – One Stream Increase bulk density of loaded truck Unthreshed ears mixed with chopped stalks – central processor for separation

18. One Pass – Two Streams Ears only into combine Whole plant into combine

19. Ears Only

20. Whole Plant

21. One Pass – Three Streams

22. Sugar

23. Cotton

24. Technology Portfolio Multitude of unit operations in current and past machines Can be combined into new machines to meet market requirements

25. Harvest System Performance

26. Research Issues: Soil health and soil erosion Nutrient value in biomass Harvest labor availability Highly seasonal supply “Hassle Factor” Feedstock specifications New Harvesting Concepts