1. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) - DIME – University of Genoa, Italy Thermoeconomic optimization of an energy hub Alessandra Cuneo Mario Luigi Ferrari Alberto Traverso Aristide F. Massardo Speaker: Alessandra Cuneo Nice, 1 – 3 October 2014

2. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France Aims of the study  Illustrate the operation of a real energy hub  Optimize the management strategy of the different prime movers to satisfy the energy demand  Two different layouts, with and without a conventional stratified thermal storage 2

3. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France LaboratoryLaboratory SAVONA

4. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France ECoMP software AIMS thermo-economic time-dependent analysis of poly- generative plants optimization of energy systems  Modular structure (48 modules)  Each component described by subroutines containing: - off design performance curves - functions for capital costs - variable costs - mass and energy flows 4

5. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France ECoMP optimization strategy mGT ICE Percentage loads of the prime movers (mGT, ICE) have been chosen as decision variables Min valueMax value mGT % load0 % (OFF)100 %η = F (% load) ICE % load0 % (OFF)100 %η = F (% load) Fuel cost Electricity cost “Virtual” cost The cost functions to minimize are:

6. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France Thermal storage model Virtual costs are associated to emptying and filling operations Virtual terms promote filling operation and prime movers nominal conditions Penalty costs associated to overload and total emptying conditions C in C out STORAGE Emptying out cost Filling up cost FUEL NETWORK PRIME MOVER USER CUCU CFCF

7. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France 7 Plant main assumptions and load demand Electricity cost [€/kWh]0.2 Electricity price [€/kWh]0.1 Thermal energy [€/kWh]0.1 Gas [€/kg]0.25

8. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France 8 Thermal Demand Comparison mGT works more Storage help the management in the peak

9. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France 9 Electrical Demand Comparison Decrease electricity bought from the grid

10. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France 10 Energetic results mGT works more at design point only. Efficiency improvement and increase of machines lifetime

11. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France 11 Without thermal storage With thermal storage Revenues [€]633.70650 Costs [€]81.2078.73 Profit [€]522.5571.97 Economic results

12. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France 12 ConclusionsConclusions  The Energy Hub was analysed via a thermo-economic approach  The impact of thermal storage was investigated, quantifying the impact on the system behaviour, both in energy and economic terms  Thermal storage allows to decrease the fuel consumption of 6% and to increase profits of 10%. However, such results are highly dependent on the energy demands.  In this work we use a simple marked-based approach, if we use a MPC to evaluate the rule of the thermal storage we could have an increase profits of 44%. On going work  Implementation and testing of advanced predictive control algorithms  Comparison of different storage technologies (electrical, hot thermal, cold thermal)

13. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France  48 Modules available: Cogenerative Conventional Renewable generators Storage  Two optimization levels: Management strategy optimization Size optimization WECoMP Demo version available WECoMP is a software developed by TPG at University of Genoa for time-dependent thermo-economic analysis of energy systems For more information: Site: www.tpg.unige.it/WECoMP.phpwww.tpg.unige.it/WECoMP.php Email: alberto.traverso@unige.italberto.traverso@unige.it 13

14. Sustainable Place, 1-3 October, 2014, Nice, France Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) - DIME – University of Genoa, Italy Thermoeconomic optimization of an energy hub Alessandra Cuneo Mario Luigi Ferrari Alberto Traverso Aristide F. Massardo Speaker: Alessandra Cuneo Nice, 1 – 3 October 2014