1. Proteins
Key Concept: Proteins are essential to the structure & function of life

2. How to make a macromolecule…
Condensation Reaction
Remove water

3. How to break a macromolecule…
Hydrolysis
Add water

4. Protein

5. 7 Major Classes of Proteins
Structural – includes spider silk, human hair, & fibers that make up tendons & ligament
Contractile – provide muscular movement
Storage – ovalbumin (egg white)
Defensive – antibodies
Transport- hemoglobin (iron containing protein in blood)
Signal – hormones coordinating body activity
Enzymes – serves as a chemical catalyst (changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed)

6. What do they do?
They are the major structural molecules in living things for growth and repair : muscles, ligaments, tendons, bones, hair, skin, nails…IN FACT ALL CELL MEMBRANES have protein in them
They make up antibodies in the immune system
They make up enzymes for helping chemical reactions
They makeup non-steriod hormones which
THINK: Proteins= membranes, enzymes, antibodies, non-steriod hormones, structural molecules, “MEANS”

7. Where are proteins located?
In plants- in the cell membranes
In animals- in the cell membranes- in the muscles of living things- cows, chicken, fish…

8. PROTEINS
MADE UP OF...
Proteins are made of long chains (polymers) made of monomers. All proteins are made of the monomer…
AMINO ACID

9. Amino Acids Monomers are linked by condensation
The amino acid is held together by a peptide bond
2 amino acids = dipeptide bond
3 or more amino acids = polypeptide bond

10. Some things made of proteins…
Muscles, ligaments, tendons, and bones
Without muscles for structural support we might look like…

12. Hair, Skin, & Nails…

13. Cell Membrane
The cell membrane surrounds everything in a cell so it doesn’t leak out. It is kind of like the balloon in a water balloon.
The cell membrane is made mostly of protein AND lipids

14. Some others… Part of the immune system.
Antibodies
Hormones
Part of the immune system.
Antibodies find “invaders” (bacteria, viruses) and stick themselves onto it.
When a white blood cell finds the invader covered with antibodies, it knows it doesn’t belong there and kills it.
Hormones are chemicals made in glands that are in one place in the body and then put into the blood to be used in another to stimulate specific cells into action.

15. Enzymes
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions. If you didn’t have enzymes in your stomach to speed up digestion, the food would rot in your stomach because it would take so long!

16. PROTEINS Each protein is made up of… Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen,
AT THE ATOM LEVEL
Each protein is made up of…
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen,
Nitrogen and sometimes Sulfur
THINK: “CHONS”

17. Lab Groups Leah & Max Jorge & Mark Kaitlyn & Laila Stephen & Harun
Brian & Joshua
Brayan & Ridwan
Jason & Bean
Ava & Jodie
Emily & Amanda & Deondre
Malani & Rosiland
Grace & Abyan
Victoria & Lexie
Tayler & Malorie

18. Essential Macromolecules
Let’s Review Lipids…
Essential Macromolecules
Name of Macromolecule
Picture
Examples
Important Information
Lipid
Define: 1. 2. 3.
Saturated:
Unsaturated:
How do we test for lipids?

19. Essential Macromolecules
Let’s Review Proteins…
Essential Macromolecules
Name of Macromolecule
Picture
Examples
Important Information
Proteins
Define: 1. 2. 3.
7 Classes:
Monomer:
Type of bonds:

20. Tomorrow… Carbohydrates Lab Wear appropriate footwear
Proteins11:05 (7:36 lipids)