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Brian Mulroney: Rolling The Dice By: Laura Staffen and Nichole Everett
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Biography Born on March 20, 1939 in Baie- Comeau, Quebec He got married in 1973 to Mila Pivnicki He has one daughter and three sons He was a lawyer, a member of the Cliché Commission, the Vice-President and President of Iron Ore Company, and an author
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Biography Cont. He was part of the Progressive Conservative party He was the leader of it in 1983-1993 He was the 18th Prime Minister of Canada He followed Kim Campbell and was proceeded by John Turner He ran in Central Nova, Manicouagan, and Charlevoix
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Political Philosophy Mulroney was a Conservative He became the Conservative Party leader He was aiming to follow through on all the Conservative goals He was also aiming to have a very good relationship with the United States
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Election 1984 Trudeau retired in 1984 John Turner called the election for September Turner had planned to attack Mulroney which lead to the setup of Mulroney’s victory He compared his patronage to that of the Old Nationale in Quebec
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Election 1984 Mulroney had a famous response to Turner not canceling his appointment to the Governor General; “You had an option, sir. You could have said, 'I am not going to do it. This is wrong for Canada, and I am not going to ask Canadians to pay the price.' You had an option, sir--to say 'no'--and you chose to say 'yes' to the old attitudes and the old stories of the Liberal Party.”
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Election 1988 Free trade was the central issue The Liberals and the NDPs were opposing it The Conservatives won due to a successful counter attack towards the Liberals They had a reduced majority of 43% Mulroney was now the only Conservative leader to win two consecutive majority governments During this election he was also elected MP for Charlevoix
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The Goods and Services Tax It was introduced on January 1st, 1991 It was introduced by the PM Brian Mulroney and the Finance Officer Michael Wilson In 1989, the PM proposed National Sales Tax of 9% in every province except Alberta At the time, Alberta already had it’s own provincial sales tax The purpose of GST was to replace 13.5% of Manufacturer’s Sales Tax GST also replaced Federal Telecommunications Tax of 11%
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The Goods and Services Tax Cont. Canadians disapproved of the GST and were irritated by it because it would be more costly for Canadians This gave other parties in Parliament to attack the Conservatives It was soon lowered to 7% but it still made Canadians angry
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Mulroney’s Legacy for Canada He was responsible for the Canada and US Free Trade Agreement He was also responsible for the proposal to change the Canadian Constitution
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Introduction to Mulroney - First Impression When Mulroney became the PM he had a lot of ideas that he thought would help Canada He had also worked closely with other successful politicians One of his first promises were to reduce government intervention in the economy and to forge closer trading ties with the United States
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The Meech Lake Accord - The Role of Pierre Trudeau Former PM and arch-federalist, Pierre Trudeau, spoke out against the Accord He claimed that Mulroney had “sold out” to the provinces He argued that Quebec was no more distinct than other places in Canada He also said that the federal government should oppose many of the provincial initiatives to be able to keep the balance of powers within Confederation Some of the Liberal MPs called on him to be their “spiritual leader” against the Accord
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The Meech Lake Accord - The Rise of the Bloc Quebecois Months before the Accord deadline, a commission led by Jean Charest recommended some changes to the Meech Lake Accord Because of this, Lucien Bouchard, the environment minister, and also the chief Quebec lieutenant under Mulroney, and others, to leave the PC Party Soon they formed the federal Bloc Quebecois party with several disenchanted Liberals
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What Was The Meech Lake Accord? It was a meeting that was held at Meech Lake The premiers would try to find a solution that would satisfy both Quebec while also addressing the concerns of the others They finally decided on four main points They would recognize Quebec as a “distinct society” There would be increased powers given to Quebec over the areas of immigration and appointments to the Supreme Court Of Canada
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The Meech Lake Accord Cont. There would be restrictions to the government’s spending power There would be a veto to all the provinces on constitutional changes But for this to be passed it had to be formally accepted by all of the provinces and they all had to agree on this within three years for it to be passed There were many opponents to this
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The Meech Lake Accord Cont. Quebec thought that they didn’t receive enough power and the other provinces believed that Quebec had too much power The Aboriginal leaders had a fear that the western governments would block their call for a self-government Some women also believed that the accord would not address their needs By 1990 polls had showed that most of Canada opposed this plan
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Why Did It Fail? It failed because of a number of different reasons Not all of the provinces accepted it because they didn’t think it was fair for them The Aboriginals feared that the western governments would block their call for self- government Women thought that the accord would not address their needs To be passed all of the members of the Manitoba Legislative Assembly had to agree to bring the Accord forward to debate
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Why Did It Fail Cont. One of the members, Elijah Harper, who was a Cree member, said “no” to the Accord eight times over the span of two days To him, the Accord failed to recognize the Native people as equal partners Because he had said no, the Accord couldn’t be ratified in time and Clyde Wells, Newfoundland’s premier, didn’t bring the Accord forward for debate
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What Were The Consequences? Many of the people in Quebec had felt betrayed and rejected by the federal system It was announced that Quebec wouldn’t be involved in any more constitutional talks The Belanger-Campeau Commission was launched It was used to try to study some future options for Quebec and it concluded that Quebec had two choices They could either separate from Canada or they could negotiate with Canada for a new federal partnership
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What Were The Consequences Cont. In Canada, the Mulroney government launched its own commission which was called Citizens’ Forum on Canada’s Future It was led by the journalist Keith Spicer It was set up to reassure Canadians that their input was important to the government’s plans for Canada’s future The Canadians became furious with the government because Mulroney had said that he had been “rolling the dice”
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http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-73-536- 2634/politics_economy/free_trade/cli p1
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Bibliography History Textbook CBC Archives http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_M ulroneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_M ulroney http://www.canadiancollections.ca
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