1. Protest, Resistance and Violence Mr. Pinto SSLLDV CH. 10 Section 2

2. Anthony Burns and the Personal Liberty Laws Anthony Burns - Escaped Virginia slave living in Boston – Captured and returned to his owner in Virginia All that was needed was a statement by a slave owner b/c of the Fugitive Slave Act: – Alleged fugitives were not allowed a trial by jury – Could not testify on your own behalf – Also paid $10 for returned slave. $5 if freed – Anyone convicted of helping a fugitive slave was charged $1,000 or imprisoned for 6 months 9 Northern states had Personal Liberty Laws – No imprisonment of fugitives – Jury Trials that lasted years and cost slave owners $$$$$$$$

3. The Underground Railroad A secret network transporting slaves to Canada – “Conductors” hid fugitives and took them to next “station” Harriett Tubman – Former slave – As a “conductor”, helped to free 300 slaves

4. Dangers for Runaways Traveled at night. No sense of direction – “North star” Avoiding patrols Through forests and rivers – “Traps” No food for days

11. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852, Abolitionist Harriett Beecher Stowe published Uncle Tom’s Cabin. – Slavery is a moral struggle – Northern abolitionists increased protest of FSA – Southerners criticized the book as an attack on the South as a whole

12. Kansas-Nebraska Stephen Douglas: – wants railroad from Chi. To S.F. – Must make deal w/ south who wanted r.r. also – Continued expansion meant more votes – Believed popular sovereignty better than M.C. 36, 30 line – Nebraska lay North of M.C. line – Assumed it would enter as 2 states, 1 slave 1 free – Supported repeal of M.C. Douglas introduces Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) – Divide territory into Nebraska and Kansas and give each popular sovereignty (repeal of M.C.) “Border Ruffians” from Missouri crossed into Kansas and voted illegally – Issued pro-slavery acts – Anti-slavery gov. started in Lawrence, Kansas » Court calls anti-slavery Gov. traitors » “Sack of Lawrence” – town is burned to the ground

13. John Brown Abolitionist who believed that God called on him to fight slavery – led men into Pottawatomie and killed 5 pro- slavery men (Pottawatomie Massacre) – Hacked off their hands and stabbed them Some 200 killings followed – “Bleeding Kansas”

14. Violence in the Senate Mass. Senator Sumner (North) attacked pro- slavery senators – Specifically Andrew Butler of S.C. Sumner Physically attacked by Congressman Brooks (Southerner, Butler’s nephew) in Senate house Widened gap between 2 sides