1. Carbon Monoxide Monitoring Presented by: Interscan Corporation

2. SYNONYMS Coal gas Carbon oxide Carbonic oxide Exhaust gas Flue gas Monoxide CARBON MONOXIDE

3. CARBON MONOXIDE IS THE MOST COMMON TOXIC GAS As a product of combustion, it is ubiquitous CO is one of the few toxic gases that can be encountered at home or on the job Colorless and odorless, CO is a silent killer

4. CO HEALTH EFFECTS At 200-300 ppm, can cause fatigue in healthy individuals, and chest pain in those with heart disease. At higher concentrations, can cause impaired vision and coordination; headaches; dizziness; confusion; nausea. Can cause flu-like symptoms (ca. 250 ppm) that clear up when in clean air. At 2000 ppm, can be rapidly fatal

5. TOXICOLOGY Carbon monoxide is an asphyxiant Inhalation of CO causes tissue hypoxia by preventing the blood from carrying sufficient oxygen Carbon monoxide combines reversibly with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin The reduction in oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is proportional to the amount of carboxyhemoglobin formed

6. Occupational Exposure Standards

7. OSHA Standards (as of Feb, 2011) The OSHA PEL ( Permissible Exposure Limit, based on an 8-hour time-weighted average) is 50 ppm Special provision for maritime workers/longshoring [29 CFR 1918.94(a)(1)(i))] …employees shall be removed from the enclosed space if the CO concentration exceeds a ceiling of 100 ppm. Exception: The ceiling shall be 200 ppm instead of 100 ppm for Ro-Ro operations.

8. ACGIH TLV ® [Threshold Limit Value] (as of Feb, 2011) TLV-TWA (based on an 8-hour time-weighted average) is 25 ppm Biological Exposure Index (BEI ® ) is recommended for carbon monoxide ─ Based on percent carboxyhemoglobin saturation in blood, or end-expired CO concentration in alveolar air

9. NIOSH REL [Recommended Exposure Limits] (as of Feb, 2011) TLV-TWA (based on an 8-hour time-weighted average) is 35 ppm Ceiling value of 200 ppm (should not be exceeded at any time)

10. NIOSH IDLH [Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health] (as of Feb, 2011) IDLH: The airborne concentration from which a worker could escape without injury or irreversible health effects, in the event of the failure of respiratory protection equipment. IDLH values are based on effects that might occur as a consequence of a 30-minute exposure. Regardless of the 30-minute basis, if equipment failure occurs, LEAVE THE AREA AT ONCE!! 1200 ppm

11. GRADE “D” BREATHING AIR Per ANSI / CGA G-7.1.1989 As it pertains to carbon monoxide… No more than 10 ppm

12. Applications Engineering

13. AT A MINIMUM, CONSIDER Portable/survey or fixed continuous monitoring requirement? Interfering gases present? Will unit be used/installed in electrically hazardous area? Is data logging needed?

14. For more information on how Interscan can help you solve your carbon monoxide problems, Visit our website http://www.gasdetection.com