1. RELATIVE PRONOUNS

2. What is a relative pronoun? A pronoun that introduces a subordinate clause and connects that clause with some preceding noun or pronoun. The relative pronoun relates or refers a descriptive phrase to a noun or pronoun.

3. IN ENGLISH WHO Refers to persons WHICHRefers to things THATRefers to both WHAT

4. Exempli Gratia The boy who lives next door, collects stamps. The word boy is the antecedent or the word which is being described or referred to in the clause. Who is the pronoun that relates or refers the antecedent to the subordinate or descriptive clause.

5. NB: The subordinate clause acts like an adjective. It describes the antecedent. In English, which and that do not change form to indicate case. But, who does: –nominative (subject) - who –possessive - whose –objective - whom These forms are used for both singular and plural.

6. Plurum exemplorum gratia I saw the queen who rules Britain. The boy whose book I have is our friend. You saw the man to whom I gave the book. The town that he saw was small. The schools from which we came were large. Enemies were the men with whom you used to battle.

7. IN LATIN SINGULAR

8. PLURAL

9. ANTECEDENT PRONOUN CLAUSE butThe relative pronoun agrees with the antecedent in gender and number, but the case of the relative pronoun depends on its use in the subordinate clause

10. EXEMPLI GRATIA I saw the queen who rules Britain. Vidi reginam quae Brittaniam regit. The boy whose book I have is our friend. Puer cuius librum habeo est amicus noster. You saw the man to whom I gave the book. Virum cui librum dedi vidisti.

11. The town that he saw was small. Oppidum quod vidit erat parvum. The schools from which we came were large. Ludi ex quibus venimus erant magni. Enemies were the men with whom you used to battle. Inimici erant viri quibuscum pugnabatis.